Glucosylceramide synthase, a factor in modulating drug resistance, is overexpressed in metastatic breast carcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Yong-Yu Liu
    • Gauri A. Patwardhan
    • Ping Xie
    • Xin Gu
    • Armando E. Giuliano
    • Myles C. Cabot
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: May 23, 2011     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2011.1052
  • Pages: 425-431
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Abstract

Drug resistance causes treatment failure in approximately 50% of breast cancer patients with chemotherapy. Overexpression of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) confers drug resistance in cancer cells, and suppression of GCS sensitizes cancers to chemotherapy in preclinical studies. Thus, GCS becomes a potential target to reverse drug resistance; however, little is known about GCS expression levels in normal tissues and whether GCS overexpression is associated with metastatic cancers. Herewith, we report our studies in GCS expression levels and breast cancer from patients. GCS levels were analyzed using cancer profiling arrays, breast cancer histo-arrays and quantitative RT-PCR in tumor tissues. We found that breast (18 exp. index) and other hormone-dependent organs (testis, cervix, ovary, prostate) displayed the lowest levels of GCS mRNA, whereas liver (52 exp. index) and other organs (kidney, bladder, stomach) displayed the highest levels of GCS. GCS mRNA levels were significantly elevated in tumors of breast, cervix, rectum and small intestine, as compared to each paired normal tissue. In mammary tissue, GCS overexpression was detected in breast cancers with metastasis, but not in benign fibroadenoma or primary tumors. GCS overexpression was coincident with HER2 expression (γ2=0.84) in ER-negative breast adenocarcinoma. In tumor specimens, GCS mRNA was elevated by 4-fold and significantly associated with stage III (5/7), lymph node-positive (7/8) and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers (7/9). GCS expression was significantly and selectively elevated in breast cancer, in particular in metastatic disease. GCS overexpression was highly associated with ER-positive and HER2-positive breast cancer with metastasis. Although a small study, these data suggest that GCS may be a prognostic indicator and potential target for the treatment of chemotherapy-refractory breast cancer.

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August 2011
Volume 39 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1019-6439
Online ISSN:1791-2423

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Spandidos Publications style
Liu Y, Patwardhan GA, Xie P, Gu X, Giuliano AE and Cabot MC: Glucosylceramide synthase, a factor in modulating drug resistance, is overexpressed in metastatic breast carcinoma. Int J Oncol 39: 425-431, 2011
APA
Liu, Y., Patwardhan, G.A., Xie, P., Gu, X., Giuliano, A.E., & Cabot, M.C. (2011). Glucosylceramide synthase, a factor in modulating drug resistance, is overexpressed in metastatic breast carcinoma. International Journal of Oncology, 39, 425-431. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2011.1052
MLA
Liu, Y., Patwardhan, G. A., Xie, P., Gu, X., Giuliano, A. E., Cabot, M. C."Glucosylceramide synthase, a factor in modulating drug resistance, is overexpressed in metastatic breast carcinoma". International Journal of Oncology 39.2 (2011): 425-431.
Chicago
Liu, Y., Patwardhan, G. A., Xie, P., Gu, X., Giuliano, A. E., Cabot, M. C."Glucosylceramide synthase, a factor in modulating drug resistance, is overexpressed in metastatic breast carcinoma". International Journal of Oncology 39, no. 2 (2011): 425-431. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2011.1052