Effect of cell cycle phase on the sensitivity of SAS cells to sonodynamic therapy using low‑intensity ultrasound combined with 5‑aminolevulinic acid in vitro

  • Authors:
    • Nan Li
    • Miao Sun
    • Yao Wang
    • Yanhong Lv
    • Zheng Hu
    • Wenwu Cao
    • Jinhua Zheng
    • Xiaohui Jiao
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: May 7, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3747
  • Pages: 3177-3183
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Abstract

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) with 5‑aminolevulinic acid (5‑ALA) can effectively inhibit various types of tumor in vitro and in vivo. However, the association between the efficacy of SDT and the phase of the cell cycle remains to be elucidated. 5‑ALA may generate different quantities of sonosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), in different phases of the cell cycle, which may result in differences in sensitivity to 5‑ALA‑induced SDT. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the cell cycle on the susceptibility of SAS cells to SDT following synchronization to different cell cycle phases. These results indicates that the rates of cell death and apoptosis of the SAS cells in the S and G2/M phases were significantly higher following SDT, compared with those in the G1‑phase cells and unsynchronized cells, with a corresponding increase in PpIX in the S and G2/M cells. In addition, the expression of caspase‑3 increased, while that of B‑cell lymphoma (Bcl)‑2 decreased markedly in theS and G2/M cells following SDT. Cyclin A was also expressed at higher levels in the S and G2/M cells, compared with the G1‑phase cells. SDT also caused a significant upregulation of cyclin A in all phases of the cell cycle, however this was most marked in the S and G2/M cells. It was hypothesized that high expression levels of cyclin A in the S and G2/M cells may promote the induction of caspase‑3 and reduce the induction of Bcl‑2 by SDT and, therefore, enhance apoptosis. Taken together, these data demonstrated that cells in The S and G2/M phases generate more intracellular PpIX, have higher levels of cyclin A and are, therefore, more sensitive to SDT‑induced cytotoxicity. These findings indicate the potential novel approach to preventing the onset of cancer by combining cell‑cycle regulators with SDT. This sequential combination therapy may be a simple and cost‑effective way of enhancing the effects of SDT in clinical settings.
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August-2015
Volume 12 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Spandidos Publications style
Li N, Sun M, Wang Y, Lv Y, Hu Z, Cao W, Zheng J and Jiao X: Effect of cell cycle phase on the sensitivity of SAS cells to sonodynamic therapy using low‑intensity ultrasound combined with 5‑aminolevulinic acid in vitro. Mol Med Rep 12: 3177-3183, 2015
APA
Li, N., Sun, M., Wang, Y., Lv, Y., Hu, Z., Cao, W. ... Jiao, X. (2015). Effect of cell cycle phase on the sensitivity of SAS cells to sonodynamic therapy using low‑intensity ultrasound combined with 5‑aminolevulinic acid in vitro. Molecular Medicine Reports, 12, 3177-3183. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3747
MLA
Li, N., Sun, M., Wang, Y., Lv, Y., Hu, Z., Cao, W., Zheng, J., Jiao, X."Effect of cell cycle phase on the sensitivity of SAS cells to sonodynamic therapy using low‑intensity ultrasound combined with 5‑aminolevulinic acid in vitro". Molecular Medicine Reports 12.2 (2015): 3177-3183.
Chicago
Li, N., Sun, M., Wang, Y., Lv, Y., Hu, Z., Cao, W., Zheng, J., Jiao, X."Effect of cell cycle phase on the sensitivity of SAS cells to sonodynamic therapy using low‑intensity ultrasound combined with 5‑aminolevulinic acid in vitro". Molecular Medicine Reports 12, no. 2 (2015): 3177-3183. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3747