Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
July-2026 Volume 32 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2026 Volume 32 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review Open Access

Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis treatment (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Yuebo Jia
    • Zheng Jiao
    • Lingshuo Bai
    • Gege Li
    • Lijian Pang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China, The First Clinical Medical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China, College of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110847, P.R. China, Department of Pneumology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Jia et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 181
    |
    Published online on: May 8, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13176
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:


Abstract

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by abdominal pain, diarrhea and bloody mucopurulent stools. The UC global incidence is rising and conventional therapies remain limited. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel treatments. Polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have emerged as promising candidates due to their multifaceted bioactivities. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that these polysaccharides can regulate immune system pathways, thereby reducing intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress. This protects the intestinal mucosal barrier, enhances tight junction protein expression and modulates the gut microbiota. However, their precise molecular targets and structure‑activity associations remain to be fully elucidated. Translational advancement is currently constrained by challenges such as undefined mechanisms, poor oral bioavailability and a lack of clinical validation. Therefore, the present review focused on a number of polysaccharides derived from TCM herbs. The aim of the present review was to systematically analyze their functions and mechanisms for UC prevention and treatment, thus underscoring the necessity for integration of mechanistic discovery with innovative delivery strategies to facilitate the clinical translation of TCM polysaccharides in UC management.
View Figures

Figure 1

Effects of polysaccharides from
Traditional Chinese Medicine on ulcerative colitis. AhR, aromatic
hydrocarbon receptor; ZO-1, zonula occludens-1; ACE,
Abundance-based Coverage Estimator; SCFA, short-chain fatty acid;
Th17, T helper 17 cell; Treg, T regulatory cell; TLR4, toll-like
receptor 4; ROS, reactive oxygen species; MyD88, myeloid
differentiation primary response 88; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid
2-related factor 2; HO-1, heme oxygenase-1; GSH, glutathione; GPX4,
GSH peroxidase 4; FTH1, ferritin heavy Chain 1; SOD, superoxide
dismutase; MDA, malondialdehyde; MPO, myeloperoxidase.
View References

1 

Zheng K, Shen H, Jia J, Lu Y, Zhu L, Zhang L and Shen Z: Traditional Chinese medicine combination therapy for patients with steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 18(8)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Du L and Ha C: Epidemiology and pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 49:643–654. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Le Berre C, Honap S and Peyrin-Biroulet L: Ulcerative colitis. Lancet. 402:571–584. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Feuerstein JD, Moss AC and Farraye FA: Ulcerative colitis. Mayo Clin Proc. 94:1357–1373. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Wang M, Fu R, Xu D, Chen Y, Yue S, Zhang S and Tang Y: Traditional Chinese Medicine: A promising strategy to regulate the imbalance of bacterial flora, impaired intestinal barrier and immune function attributed to ulcerative colitis through intestinal microecology. J Ethnopharmacol. 318 (Pt A)(116879)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Zong Y, Meng J, Mao T, Han Q, Zhang P and Shi L: Repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier of traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis: A review. Front Pharmacol. 14(1273407)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Liu Y, Zhang JT, Sun M, Song J, Sun HM, Wang MY, Wang CM and Liu W: Targeting ferroptosis in the treatment of ulcerative colitis by traditional Chinese medicine: A novel therapeutic strategies. Phytomedicine. 139(156539)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Chen S, Wang J, Dong N, Fang Q, Zhang Y, Chen C, Cui SW and Nie S: Polysaccharides from natural Cordyceps sinensis attenuated dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice. Food Funct. 14:720–733. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Wang Z, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Wu S, Zhang S, Jin C, He F and Ding K: A sulfated pectin polysaccharide from Chrysanthemum morifolium induces ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer by stabilizing TFRC. Carbohydr Polym. 381(125224)2026.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Kou T, Faisal M, Song J and Blennow A: Polysaccharide-based nanosystems: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 64:1–15. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Nai J, Zhang C, Shao H, Li B, Li H, Gao L, Dai M, Zhu L and Sheng H: Extraction, structure, pharmacological activities and drug carrier applications of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol. 183:2337–2353. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Souissi N, Boughriba S, Abdelhedi O, Hamdi M, Jridi M, Li S and Nasri M: Extraction, structural characterization, and thermal and biomedical properties of sulfated polysaccharides from razor clam Solen marginatus. RSC Adv. 9:11538–11551. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Ye R, Guo Q, Huang J, Wang Z, Chen Y and Dong Y: Eucommia ulmoides polysaccharide modified nano-selenium effectively alleviated DSS-induced colitis through enhancing intestinal mucosal barrier function and antioxidant capacity. J Nanobiotechnology. 21(222)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Li ZY, Lin LH, Liang HJ, Li YQ, Zhao FQ, Sun TY, Liu ZY, Zhu JY, Gu F, Xu JN, et al: Lycium barbarum polysaccharide alleviates DSS-induced chronic ulcerative colitis by restoring intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota. Ann Med. 55(2290213)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Wang B, Wang X, Ma H, Li J, Cao D, Xu J, Zeng J, Gao W and Chen K: Enhancing the mechanical and barrier properties of starch-based green packaging films via acetalization reaction and hydrogen bond dual crosslinking. Carbohydr Polym. 364(123787)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Atta A, Naveed M, Rahman MU, Alioui Y, Ansari I, Ali S, Ghaleb E, Farooqui NA, Abusidu M, Xin Y and Feng B: Agrocybe cylindracea polysaccharides ameliorate DSS-Induced colitis by restoring intestinal barrier function and reprogramming immune homeostasis via the gut-liver axis. Int J Mol Sci. 26(6805)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Guo Y, Li Y, Cao Q, Ye L, Wang J and Guo M: The function of natural polysaccharides in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Front Pharmacol. 13(927855)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Wang T, Liu X, Zhang W, Wang J, Wang T, Yue W, Ming L, Cheng J and Sun J: Traditional Chinese medicine treats ulcerative colitis by regulating gut microbiota, signaling pathway and cytokine: Future novel method option for pharmacotherapy. Heliyon. 10(e27530)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Arora A, Sharma N and Kakkar D: Natural polysaccharides for ulcerative colitis: A general overview, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical. Biomedicine. 13:185–194. 2023.

20 

Hu HC, Zhang W, Xiong PY, Song L, Jia B and Liu XL: Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of astragalus polysaccharide in ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies. Front Pharmacol. 13(1043236)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Zhong Y, Xiao Q, Kang Z, Huang J, Ge W, Wan Q, Wang H, Zhou W, Zhao H and Liu D: Astragalus polysaccharide alleviates ulcerative colitis by regulating the balance of Tfh/Treg cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 111(109108)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Zhang SQ, Zhang TT, Lv W, He FL, Yan H, Yang XX, Zhang Q, Wang YW, Jiang RZ and Zhao P: A review of the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activity, and applications of polysaccharides from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Int J Biol Macromol. 344 (Pt 2)(150531)2026.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Cui L, Wang W, Luo Y, Ning Q, Xia Z, Chen J, Feng L, Wang H, Song J, Tan X, et al: Polysaccharide from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi ameliorates colitis via suppressing NF-kappaB signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Int J Biol Macromol. 132:393–405. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Cui L, Guan X, Ding WB, Luo Y, Wang W, Bu W, Song J, Tan X, Sun E, Ning Q, et al: Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharide ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal barrier function and modulating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol. 166:1035–1045. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Hao W, Chen Z, Yuan Q, Ma M, Gao C, Zhou Y, Zhou H, Wu X, Wu D, Farag MA, et al: Ginger polysaccharides relieve ulcerative colitis via maintaining intestinal barrier integrity and gut microbiota modulation. Int J Biol Macromol. 219:730–739. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Lu H, Shen M, Chen Y, Yu Q, Chen T and Xie J: Alleviative effects of natural plant polysaccharides against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis via inhibiting inflammation and modulating gut microbiota. Food Res Int. 167(112630)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Yu J, Zhao JW, Xie HQ, Cai M, Yao L, Li JM, Han L, Chen WD, Yu NJ and Peng DY: Dendrobium huoshanense polysaccharides ameliorate ulcerative colitis by improving intestinal mucosal barrier and regulating gut microbiota. Journal of Functional Foods. 96:2022.

28 

Gu FL, Huang RS, He XM, Chen NF, Han BX and Deng H: Dendrobium huoshanense Polysaccharides prevent inflammatory response of ulcerative colitis rat through Inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Chem Biodivers. 18(e2100130)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Yang C, Du Y, Ren D, Yang X and Zhao Y: Gut microbiota-dependent catabolites of tryptophan play a predominant role in the protective effects of turmeric polysaccharides against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. Food Funct. 12:9793–9807. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Feng W, Liu J, Tan Y, Ao H, Wang J and Peng C: Polysaccharides from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. Ameliorate ulcerative colitis via extensive modification of gut microbiota and host metabolism. Food Res Int. 138 (Pt B)(109777)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Liu Y, Dong Y, Shen W, DU J, Sun Q, Yang Y and Yin D: Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide regulates colonic immunity through mesenteric lymphatic circulation to attenuate ulcerative colitis. Chin J Nat Med. 21:263–278. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Pan X, Wang H, Zheng Z, Huang X, Yang L, Liu J, Wang K and Zhang Y: Pectic polysaccharide from Smilax china L. ameliorated ulcerative colitis by inhibiting the galectin-3/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Carbohydr Polym. 277(118864)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Santos HO, Howell S and Teixeira FJ: Beyond tribulus (Tribulus terrestris L.): The effects of phytotherapics on testosterone, sperm and prostate parameters. J Ethnopharmacol. 235:392–405. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Dong K, Wang X, Zhou ZJ, Zheng XR, Chang ZP, Zhao R, Liu JJ, Hou RG, Zhang X and Shao YY: Oral targeted delivery of codonopsis radix polysaccharide via succinyl -DHA functionalized nanoparticles efficiently alleviates ulcerative colitis. Int J Nanomedicine. 19:13235–13251. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Bai L, Wang T, Deng Q, Zheng W, Li X, Yang H, Tong R, Yu D and Shi J: Dual properties of pharmacological activities and preparation excipient: Bletilla striata polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol. 254 (Pt 1)(127643)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Zhao S, Zhang J, Qiu M, Hou Y, Li X, Zhong G, Gou K, Li J, Zhang C, Qu Y and Wang X: Mucoadhesive and thermosensitive Bletilla striata polysaccharide/chitosan hydrogel loaded nanoparticles for rectal drug delivery in ulcerative colitis. Int J Biol Macromol. 254 (Pt 1)(127761)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Feng L, Wang Z, Lei Z, Zhang X, Zhai B, Sun J, Guo D, Wang D, Luan F, Zou J and Shi Y: Amomum villosum Lour.: An insight into ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, and pharmacological overview. J Ethnopharmacol. 335(118615)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Luo D, Zeng J, Guan J, Xu Y, Jia RB, Chen J, Jiang G and Zhou C: Dietary supplement of amomum villosum lour. Polysaccharide attenuates ulcerative colitis in BALB/c mice. Foods. 11(3737)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Lian YZ, Chang CC, Chen YS, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV and Chao JC: Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and capsaicin modulate inflammatory cytokines and colonic microbiota in colitis rats induced by dextran sulfate sodium. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 71:229–237. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Chen YS, Lian YZ, Chen WC, Chang CC, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV and Chao JC: Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides and capsaicin inhibit oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and pain signaling in rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Int J Mol Sci. 23(2423)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Liang SB, Liang N, Bu FL, Lai BY, Zhang YP, Cao HJ, Fei YT, Robinson N and Liu JP: The potential effects and use of Chinese herbal medicine pine pollen (Pinus pollen): A bibliometric analysis of pharmacological and clinical studies. World J Tradit Chin Med. 6:163–170. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Zhou X, Lu Q, Kang X, Tian G, Ming D and Yang J: Protective role of a new polysaccharide extracted from lonicera japonica thunb in mice with ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulphate sodium. Biomed Res Int. 2021(8878633)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Mao GX, Zheng LD, Cao YB, Chen ZM, Lv YD, Wang YZ, Hu XL, Wang GF and Yan J: Antiaging effect of pine pollen in human diploid fibroblasts and in a mouse model induced by D-galactose. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012(750963)2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Wang Z, Li Z, Wang H, Wu Q and Geng Y: Effects of pine pollen polysaccharides and sulfated polysaccharides on ulcerative colitis in mice by regulating Th17/Treg. Foods. 13(3183)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Wang Y, Song X, Wang Z, Li Z and Geng Y: Effects of pine pollen polysaccharides and sulfated polysaccharides on ulcerative colitis and gut flora in mice. Polymers (Basel). 15(1414)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Li Z, Wang H, Wang Z and Geng Y: Pine pollen polysaccharides' and sulfated polysaccharides' effects on UC mice through modulation of cell tight junctions and RIPK3-Dependent necroptosis pathways. Molecules. 27(7682)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Tan Z, Zhang Q, Zhao R, Huang T, Tian Y and Lin Y: A comparative study on the effects of different sources of carboxymethyl poria polysaccharides on the repair of DSS-Induced colitis in mice. Int J Mol Sci. 24(9034)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

48 

Lan K, Yang H, Zheng J, Hu H, Zhu T, Zou X, Hu B and Liu H: Poria cocos oligosaccharides ameliorate dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mice by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis. Food Funct. 14:857–873. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Duan Y, Huang J, Sun M, Jiang Y, Wang S, Wang L, Yu N, Peng D, Wang Y, Chen W and Zhang Y: Poria cocos polysaccharide improves intestinal barrier function and maintains intestinal homeostasis in mice. Int J Biol Macromol. 249(125953)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

50 

Gomez-Berrada MP, Ficheux AS, Dahmoul Z, Roudot AC and Ferret PJ: Exposure assessment of family cosmetic products dedicated to babies, children and adults. Food Chem Toxicol. 103:56–65. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Chen Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Nie S, Li C and Xie M: Sulfated modification of the polysaccharides from Ganoderma atrum and their antioxidant and immunomodulating activities. Food Chem. 186:231–238. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

52 

Wang L, Zhou Z, Xiang Z, Zhao Y, Li D, Wang Z and Zhang Q: Ganoderma atrum polysaccharides attenuates cadmium mediated hepatorenal dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation response, and metabolic disorders in mice. Int J Biol Macromol. 318 (Pt 1)(144908)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

53 

Zheng B, Ying M, Xie J, Chen Y, Wang Y, Ding X, Hong J, Liao W and Yu Q: A Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide alleviated DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by protecting the apoptosis/autophagy-regulated physical barrier and the DC-related immune barrier. Food Funct. 11:10690–10699. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

54 

Xie J, Liu Y, Chen B, Zhang G, Ou S, Luo J and Peng X: Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide improves rat DSS-induced colitis by altering cecal microbiota and gene expression of colonic epithelial cells. Food Nutr Res. 63:2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

55 

Ebrahimian Z, Razavi BM, Mousavi Shaegh SA and Hosseinzadeh H: Effects of Portulaca oleracea L. (purslane) on the metabolic syndrome: A review. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 25:1275–1285. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

56 

Wang M, Li C, Li J, Hu W, Yu A, Tang H, Li J, Kuang H and Zhang H: Extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activity and application of polysaccharides from portulaca oleracea L. (Purslane): A review. Molecules. 28(4813)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

57 

Feng L, Li S, Dai L, Li C, Li Y, Wu F, Yu L, Ma T and Ma S: Effects of polysaccharides from Portulaca oleracea L. on intestinal mucosal cytokines and intestinal flora in mice with ulcerative colitis. Chinese Journal of Microecology. 27:139–142. 2015.

58 

Wang Z, Wang L, Wu X, Pan YL, Xie P, Pei G, Liang YN, Tang ZS and Liu L: Polysaccharide extracted from Portulacae Oleracea L. exerts protective effects against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis through inhibition of NF-κB. Am J Transl Res. 10:2502–2510. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

59 

Fu YP, Li CY, Peng X, Wangensteen H, Inngjerdingen KT and Zou YF: Pectic polysaccharides from Aconitum carmichaelii leaves protects against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice through modulations of metabolism and microbiota composition. Biomed Pharmacother. 155(113767)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

60 

Son SU, Nam AY, Kim SM, Rho Y and Shin KS: Improvement effects of pectic polysaccharide isolated from Saururus chinensis leaves on dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in BALB/c mice. Food Biosc. 50(102027)2022.

61 

Chen Q, Rahman K, Wang SJ, Zhou S and Zhang H: Scutellaria barbata: A review on chemical constituents, pharmacological activities and clinical applications. Curr Pharm Des. 26:160–175. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

62 

Xia L, Yang Q, Fu K, Yang Y, Ding K, Huo Y, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhu B, Li P, et al: Unveiling the renoprotective mechanisms of self-assembled herbal nanoparticles from Scutellaria barbata and Scleromitrion diffusum in acute kidney injury: A nano-TCM approach. Acta Pharm Sin B. 15:4265–4284. 2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

63 

Chen YC, Lee YR, Chang YC, Wang YH, Fang SY, Lin CH, Chen PJ and Hwang TL: Scutellaria barbata ameliorates acute respiratory distress syndrome by inhibiting neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses. J Ethnopharmacol. 346(119653)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

64 

Wu X, Xu N, Ye Z, Zhao Q, Liu J, Li J, Wu M, Zheng Y, Li X, Li W, et al: Polysaccharide from Scutellaria barbata D. Don attenuates inflammatory response and microbial dysbiosis in ulcerative colitis mice. Int J Biol Macromol. 206:1–9. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

65 

Xiang N, Zhao J, Chang S, Li S, Liu S and Wang C: In vitro fecal fermentation of euphorbia humifusa-derived polysaccharides and their protective effect against ulcerative colitis in mice. Foods. 12(751)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

66 

Wang D, Wang H, Li Y, Lu J, Tang X, Yang D, Wang M, Zhao D, Liu F, Zhang S and Sun L: Alistipes senegalensis is Critically involved in gut barrier repair mediated by panax ginseng neutral polysaccharides in aged mice. Adv Sci (Weinh). 12(e16427)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

67 

Jiang Y, Liao Y, Liu Z, Zhou M, Wang H, Qi H, Sun S, Xi S and Tang Y: The effects of Cordyceps polysaccharides on ischemic brain injury in rats via intervening with IL-23/IL-17 axis and the intestinal barrier. Int J Biol Macromol. 283 (Pt 2)(137526)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

68 

Yan W, Luo J, Yu Z and Xu B: A critical review on intestinal mucosal barrier protection effects of dietary polysaccharides. Food Funct. 15:481–492. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

69 

Wang Q, Liu Y, Gao L, Zhang L and Wang J: Study on the protective effect and mechanism of umbilicaria esculenta polysaccharide in DSS-Induced mice colitis and secondary liver injury. J Agric Food Chem. 72:10923–10935. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

70 

Xiao H, Li H, Wen Y, Jiang D, Zhu S, He X, Xiong Q, Gao J, Hou S, Huang S, et al: Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides ameliorated ulcerative colitis via inhibiting inflammation and enhancing intestinal epithelial barrier function. Int J Biol Macromol. 180:633–642. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

71 

Zhong B, Liang W, Zhao Y, Li F, Zhao Z, Gao Y, Yang G and Li S: Combination of lactiplantibacillus plantarum ELF051 and astragalus polysaccharides improves intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota profiles in mice with antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 17:4267–4280. 2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

72 

Zang K, Wu J, Qin H, Wu G, Duan H and Ren Y: The effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on the intestinal mucosal barrier in rats with ulcerative colitis. Chin, Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials. 40:208–211. 2017.

73 

Hwang J, Jin J, Jeon S, Moon SH, Park MY, Yum DY, Kim JH, Kang JE, Park MH, Kim EJ, et al: SOD1 suppresses pro-inflammatory immune responses by protecting against oxidative stress in colitis. Redox Biol. 37(101760)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

74 

Elmaksoud HAA, Motawea MH, Desoky AA, Elharrif MG and Ibrahimi A: Hydroxytyrosol alleviate intestinal inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis resulted in ulcerative colitis. Biomed Pharmacother. 142(112073)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

75 

Yu YH and Zhao XH: Longan polysaccharides with covalent selenylation combat the fumonisin B1-Induced cell toxicity and barrier disruption in intestinal epithelial (IEC-6) cells. Nutrients. 15(4679)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

76 

Wang S, Chen X, Li Q, Feng Y, Yang Q, Yang R and Li W: Longan polysaccharides promote Th1 and Treg cell differentiation via dendritic cells. Int J Biol Macromol. 321 (Pt 3)(146462)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

77 

Guo X, Xin Q, Wei P, Hua Y, Zhang Y, Su Z, She G and Yuan R: Antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Longan crude and purified polysaccharide (LP-A) in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Biol Macromol. 267 (Pt 2)(131634)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

78 

He Y, Gao W, Zhang Y, Sun M, Kuang H and Sun Y: Progress in the preparation, structure and bio-functionality of Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol. 283 (Pt 4)(137519)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

79 

Wang Y, Hao Y, Yuan L, Tian H, Sun X and Zhang Y: Ferroptosis: A new mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine for treating ulcerative colitis. Front Pharmacol. 15(1379058)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

80 

Tang YF, Xie WY, Wu HY, Guo HX, Wei FH, Ren WZ, Gao W and Yuan B: Huaier polysaccharide alleviates dextran sulphate sodium salt-induced colitis by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress, maintaining the intestinal barrier, and modulating gut microbiota. Nutrients. 16(1368)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

81 

Wu B and Wan Y: Molecular control of pathogenic Th17 cells in autoimmune diseases. Int Immunopharmacol. 80(106187)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

82 

Chen XW and Zhou SF: Inflammation, cytokines, the IL-17/IL-6/STAT3/NF-κB axis, and tumorigenesis. Drug Des Devel Ther. 9:2941–2946. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

83 

Chang YY, Huan QC, Peng J, Bi WC, Zhai LX, Chen Y, Lamb JR, Shen XC, Bian ZX, Wu HQ, et al: P2Y1R ligation suppresses Th17 cell differentiation and alleviates colonic inflammation in an AMPK-Dependent manner. Front Immunol. 13(820524)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

84 

Dong Y, Yang C and Pan F: Post-Translational regulations of Foxp3 in treg cells and their therapeutic applications. Front Immunol. 12(626172)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

85 

Lian J, Liu S, Yue Y, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Yang S and Zhang Y: Eomes promotes esophageal carcinoma progression by recruiting Treg cells through the CCL20-CCR6 pathway. Cancer Sci. 112:144–154. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

86 

Amari A, Ebtekar M, Moazzeni SM, Soleimani M, Mohammadi Amirabad L, Tahoori MT and Massumi M: In vitro generation of il-35-expressing human Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells using lentiviral vector. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 14:416–426. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

87 

Okada K, Fujimura T, Kikuchi T, Aino M, Kamiya Y, Izawa A, Iwamura Y, Goto H, Okabe I, Miyake E, et al: Effect of interleukin (IL)-35 on IL-17 expression and production by human CD4(+) T cells. PeerJ. 5(e2999)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

88 

Fonseca-Camarillo G, Furuzawa-Carballeda J and Yamamoto-Furusho JK: Interleukin 35 (IL-35) and IL-37: Intestinal and peripheral expression by T and B regulatory cells in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Cytokine. 75:389–402. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

89 

Wang S and Qin C: Interleukin 35 rescues regulatory B cell function, but the effect is dysregulated in ulcerative colitis. DNA Cell Biol. 36:413–421. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

90 

Zhang Y, Ji W, Qin H, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Wang J and Wang K: Astragalus polysaccharides alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by restoring SCFA production and regulating Th17/Treg cell homeostasis in a microbiota-dependent manner. Carbohydr Polym. 349 (Pt A)(122829)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

91 

Lu H, Shen M, Chen T, Yu Y, Chen Y, Yu Q, Chen X and Xie J: Mesona chinensis Benth Polysaccharides alleviate DSS-Induced ulcerative colitis via inhibiting of TLR4/MAPK/NF-kappaB signaling pathways and modulating intestinal microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res. 66(e2200047)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

92 

Orlacchio A and Mazzone P: The role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediated inflammation in pancreatic cancer pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci. 22(12743)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

93 

Yang Y, Zhou X, Jia G, Li T, Li Y, Zhao R and Wang Y: Network pharmacology based research into the effect and potential mechanism of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharide against ulcerative colitis. Comput Biol Med. 161(106999)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

94 

Wong J, Garcia-Carbonell R, Zelic M, Ho SB, Boland BS, Yao SJ, Desai SA, Das S, Planell N, Harris PA, et al: RIPK1 mediates TNF-induced intestinal crypt apoptosis during chronic NF-κB activation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 9:295–312. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

95 

Schreiber S: The complicated path to true causes of disease: Role of nuclear factor kappaB in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut. 54:444–445. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

96 

Li X, Duan W, Zhu Y, Ji R, Feng K, Kathuria Y, Xiao H, Yu Y and Cao Y: Transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the alleviation effect of pectic polysaccharide on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis mice. Int J Biol Macromol. 288(138755)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

97 

Zhan X, Peng W, Wang Z, Liu X, Dai W, Mei Q and Hu X: Polysaccharides from garlic protect against liver injury in DSS-Induced inflammatory bowel disease of mice via suppressing pyroptosis and oxidative damage. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022(2042163)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

98 

Li F, Du P, Yang W, Huang D, Nie S and Xie M: Polysaccharide from the seeds of Plantago asiatica L. alleviates nonylphenol induced intestinal barrier injury by regulating tight junctions in human Caco-2 cell line. Int J Biol Macromol. 164:2134–2140. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

99 

Li W, Gao M and Han T: Lycium barbarum polysaccharides ameliorate intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation through the MLCK-MLC signaling pathway in Caco-2 cells. Food Funct. 11:3741–3748. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

100 

Wang Q, Liu F, Chen X, Yang Z and Cao Y: Effects of the polysaccharide SPS-3-1 purified from Spirulina on barrier integrity and proliferation of Caco-2 cells. Int J Biol Macromol. 163:279–287. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

101 

Li Y, Tian X, Li S, Chang L, Sun P, Lu Y, Yu X, Chen S, Wu Z, Xu Z and Kang W: Total polysaccharides of adlay bran (Coix lachryma-jobi L.) improve TNF-α induced epithelial barrier dysfunction in Caco-2 cells via inhibition of the inflammatory response. Food Funct. 10:2906–2913. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

102 

Wang K, Zhang H, Han Q, Lan J, Chen G, Cao G and Yang C: Effects of astragalus and ginseng polysaccharides on growth performance, immune function and intestinal barrier in weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 104:1096–1105. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

103 

Zhou HC, Guo CA, Yu WW, Yan XY, Long JP, Liu ZC, Liang XQ and Liu HB: Zizyphus jujuba cv. Muzao polysaccharides enhance intestinal barrier function and improve the survival of septic mice. J Food Biochem. 45(e13722)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

104 

Lv J, Kong X, Liu W, Su Z, Luo F, Suo F, Wang Z, Cao L, Liu Z, Li M and Xiao W: Rhodiola crenulata polysaccharide alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by repairing the intestinal barrier and regulating the intestinal microecology. Front Pharmacol. 16(1519038)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

105 

Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhao L, Wang F, Li M, Wang Q, Luo H, Zhao Q, Zeng J, Zhao Y, et al: Chinese herbal medicines for treating ulcerative colitis via regulating gut microbiota-intestinal immunity axis. Chin Herb Med. 15:181–200. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

106 

Zhang D, Liu J, Cheng H, Wang H, Tan Y, Feng W and Peng C: Interactions between polysaccharides and gut microbiota: A metabolomic and microbial review. Food Res Int. 160(111653)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

107 

Ananya FN, Ahammed MR, Fahem MM, Kafle S, Viswanathan M, Desai D, Akku R, Khan F, Hernandez TE, Bala SK, et al: Association of intestinal microbial dysbiosis with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cureus. 13(e19343)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

108 

Pan Y, Zhang H, Li M, He T, Guo S, Zhu L, Tan J and Wang B: Novel approaches in IBD therapy: Targeting the gut microbiota-bile acid axis. Gut Microbes. 16(2356284)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

109 

Qiu P, Ishimoto T, Fu L, Zhang J, Zhang Z and Liu Y: The gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 12(733992)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

110 

Wang A, Zhai Z, Ding Y, Wei J, Wei Z and Cao H: The oral-gut microbiome axis in inflammatory bowel disease: From inside to insight. Front Immunol. 15(1430001)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

111 

Nie Q, Luo X, Wang K, Ding Y, Jia S, Zhao Q, Li M, Zhang J, Zhuo Y, Lin J, et al: Gut symbionts alleviate MASH through a secondary bile acid biosynthetic pathway. Cell. 187:2717–2734.e33. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

112 

Zhang X, Coker OO, Chu ES, Fu K, Lau HCH, Wang YX, Chan AWH, Wei H, Yang X, Sung JJY and Yu J: Dietary cholesterol drives fatty liver-associated liver cancer by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites. Gut. 70:761–774. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

113 

Wang D, Zhang Y, Yang S, Zhao D and Wang M: A polysaccharide from cultured mycelium of Hericium erinaceus relieves ulcerative colitis by counteracting oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function. Int J Biol Macromol. 125:572–579. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

114 

Cao C, Zhu B, Liu Z, Wang X, Ai C, Gong G, Hu M, Huang L and Song S: An arabinogalactan from Lycium barbarum attenuates DSS-induced chronic colitis in C57BL/6J mice associated with the modulation of intestinal barrier function and gut microbiota. Food Funct. 12:9829–9843. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

115 

Tao JH, Duan JA, Jiang S, Feng NN, Qiu WQ and Ling Y: Polysaccharides from Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat ameliorate colitis rats by modulating the intestinal microbiota community. Oncotarget. 8:80790–80803. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

116 

Deleu S, Machiels K, Raes J, Verbeke K and Vermeire S: Short chain fatty acids and its producing organisms: An overlooked therapy for IBD? EBioMedicine. 66(103293)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

117 

Dalile B, Van Oudenhove L, Vervliet B and Verbeke K: The role of short-chain fatty acids in microbiota-gut-brain communication. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 16:461–478. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

118 

Ma J, Zhang J, Wang Y, Huang J, Yang X, Ma J, Liu Z, Wang F and Tang X: Modified Gegen Qinlian decoction ameliorates DSS-induced chronic colitis in mice by restoring the intestinal mucus barrier and inhibiting the activation of γδT17 cells. Phytomedicine. 111(154660)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

119 

Li MX, Li MY, Lei JX, Wu YZ, Li ZH, Chen LM, Zhou CL, Su JY, Huang GX, Huang XQ and Zheng XB: Huangqin decoction ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis: Role of gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism, mTOR pathway and intestinal epithelial barrier. Phytomedicine. 100(154052)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

120 

He J, Zhu T, Yu L, Mao N, Lu X, Shi X, Deng X, Yang Y and Wang D: A based Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide functional-nanoparticle delivery system for effective oral vaccine to facilitate both systemic and mucosal immunity through enhancing oral delivery. Mater Today Bio. 32(101939)2025.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

121 

Zhang X, Zhang L, Chan JCP, Wang X, Zhao C, Xu Y, Xiong W, Chung WC, Liang F, Wang X, et al: Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: A review. Chin Med. 17(43)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

122 

Kumar S and Sarkar B: From rodents to chips: Preclinical models of inflammatory bowel disease with emphasis on host-microbiome interactions. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 330:G397–G413. 2026.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

123 

Mohanta S, Singh SK, Kumar B, Gulati M, Kumar R, Yadav AK, Wadhwa S, Jyoti J, Som S, Dua K and Pandey NK: Efficacy of co-administration of modified apple polysaccharide and probiotics in guar gum-Eudragit S100 based mesalamine mini tablets: A novel approach in treating ulcerative colitis. Int J Biol Macromol. 126:427–435. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

124 

Wang W, Lu G, Wu X, Wen Q and Zhang F: Colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing is a new pathway to microbial therapy, colonic drainage, and host-microbiota interaction research. J Clin Med. 12(780)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

125 

Zhang S, Zhang M, Li W, Ma L, Liu X, Ding Q, Yu W, Yu T, Ding C and Liu W: Research progress of natural plant polysaccharides inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways and regulating intestinal flora and metabolism to protect inflammatory bowel disease. Int J Biol Macromol. 253 (Pt 4)(126799)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

126 

Wan L, Qian C, Yang C, Peng S, Dong G, Cheng P, Zong G, Han H, Shao M, Gong G, et al: Ginseng polysaccharides ameliorate ulcerative colitis via regulating gut microbiota and tryptophan metabolism. Int J Biol Macromol. 265 (Pt 2)(130822)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

127 

Dilixiati Y, Aipire A, Song M, Nijat D, Wubuli A, Cao Q and Li J: The potential role of plant polysaccharides in treatment of ulcerative colitis. Pharmaceutics. 16(1073)2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

128 

Chen J, Gao Y, Zhang Y and Wang M: Research progress in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease with natural polysaccharides and related structure-activity relationships. Food Funct. 15:5680–5702. 2024.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

129 

Zhao HM, Wang Y, Huang XY, Huang MF, Xu R, Yue HY, Zhou BG, Huang HY, Sun QM and Liu DY: Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates rat experimental colitis by inducing regulatory T cells in intestinal Peyer's patches. World J Gastroenterol. 22:3175–3185. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

130 

Lv J, Zhang Y, Tian Z, Liu F, Shi Y, Liu Y and Xia P: Astragalus polysaccharides protect against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by inhibiting NF-κВ activation. Int J Biol Macromol. 98:723–729. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

131 

Yang M, Lin HB, Gong S, Chen PY, Geng LL, Zeng YM and Li DY: Effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and NFATc4 in a rat model of experimental colitis. Cytokine. 70:81–86. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

132 

Yan X, Lu QG, Zeng L, Li XH, Liu Y, Du XF and Bai GM: Synergistic protection of astragalus polysaccharides and matrine against ulcerative colitis and associated lung injury in rats. World J Gastroenterol. 26:55–69. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

133 

Chen Y, Wang J, Li J, Zhu J, Wang R, Xi Q, Wu H, Shi T and Chen W: Astragalus polysaccharide prevents ferroptosis in a murine model of experimental colitis and human Caco-2 cells via inhibiting NRF2/HO-1 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol. 911(174518)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

134 

Y.C. Liang Xiao, Xiaoqing Li, Shuwei Li, Wenjie Tang, Jiayou Yan, Xiaolan Wei, Mengjia Zhou, Chongbo Huang and Hui Diao: Polysaccharide from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice by maintaining the intestinal barrier integrity via MLC/Notch signaling, Canadian Journal of Animal Science. (2024).

135 

Wang Z, Liang Y, Zhang D, Wu X, Yu J, Zhang Z, Li Y, Sun C, Tang Z and Liu L: Protective effects of polysaccharide extracted from portulacae oleracea L. on colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. J Med Food. 23:125–131. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Jia Y, Jiao Z, Bai L, Li G and Pang L: Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis treatment (Review). Exp Ther Med 32: 181, 2026.
APA
Jia, Y., Jiao, Z., Bai, L., Li, G., & Pang, L. (2026). Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis treatment (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 32, 181. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13176
MLA
Jia, Y., Jiao, Z., Bai, L., Li, G., Pang, L."Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis treatment (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32.1 (2026): 181.
Chicago
Jia, Y., Jiao, Z., Bai, L., Li, G., Pang, L."Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis treatment (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32, no. 1 (2026): 181. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13176
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Jia Y, Jiao Z, Bai L, Li G and Pang L: Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis treatment (Review). Exp Ther Med 32: 181, 2026.
APA
Jia, Y., Jiao, Z., Bai, L., Li, G., & Pang, L. (2026). Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis treatment (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 32, 181. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13176
MLA
Jia, Y., Jiao, Z., Bai, L., Li, G., Pang, L."Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis treatment (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32.1 (2026): 181.
Chicago
Jia, Y., Jiao, Z., Bai, L., Li, G., Pang, L."Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides derived from traditional Chinese medicine for ulcerative colitis treatment (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 32, no. 1 (2026): 181. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2026.13176
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team