Effect of vitamin D supplementation on fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in non‑diabetics: A systematic review and meta‑analysis

  • Authors:
    • Sitian He
    • Songcheng Yu
    • Zonglei Zhou
    • Chongjian Wang
    • Yongjun Wu
    • Wenjie Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: March 9, 2018     https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1074
  • Pages: 475-484
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Abstract

Increasing epidemiological studies suggest that there is an association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have been performed to observe the effect of vitamin D supplementation on preventing T2DM, decreasing fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and improving insulin resistance to confirm the association between vitamin D and T2DM. However, the results of RCTs on controlling FPG level, improving insulin resistance and preventing T2DM in non‑diabetics are inconsistent. In the present study, a systematic meta‑analysis considering individual variation and intervention strategy was conducted to establish an objective and definitive conclusion. The results suggested that vitamin D supplementation had no significant effect on controlling FPG level, improving insulin resistance or preventing T2DM in non‑diabetics in a pooled meta‑analysis of 23 articles (containing 28 RCTs). However, stratified analysis indicated that supplementation of vitamin D had differential effects on FPG control, insulin sensitivity improvement and T2DM prevention in individuals with different baseline states: FPG was decreased for those with BMI <25 (P=0.048) or 20≤ 25(OH)D <30 ng/ml (P=0.002); insulin resistance was improved for those with 25(OH)D ≥30 ng/ml (P=0.021); and risk of T2DM was lower for pre‑diabetic individuals (P=0.047) or for those with 25≤ BMI <30 (P=0.032). Additionally, the effect on T2DM prevention was improved when the supplement dose was >2,000 IU/day (P=0.047) and with intervention without calcium (P=0.047). Thus, further trials should focus on individual baselines and the supplementation strategy of vitamin D in the prevention of T2DM.
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May-2018
Volume 8 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 2049-9434
Online ISSN:2049-9442

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Spandidos Publications style
He S, Yu S, Zhou Z, Wang C, Wu Y and Li W: Effect of vitamin D supplementation on fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in non‑diabetics: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Biomed Rep 8: 475-484, 2018
APA
He, S., Yu, S., Zhou, Z., Wang, C., Wu, Y., & Li, W. (2018). Effect of vitamin D supplementation on fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in non‑diabetics: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Biomedical Reports, 8, 475-484. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1074
MLA
He, S., Yu, S., Zhou, Z., Wang, C., Wu, Y., Li, W."Effect of vitamin D supplementation on fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in non‑diabetics: A systematic review and meta‑analysis". Biomedical Reports 8.5 (2018): 475-484.
Chicago
He, S., Yu, S., Zhou, Z., Wang, C., Wu, Y., Li, W."Effect of vitamin D supplementation on fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in non‑diabetics: A systematic review and meta‑analysis". Biomedical Reports 8, no. 5 (2018): 475-484. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1074