TY - JOUR AB - In recent years accumulating evidence has indicated that tocotrienol exhibits an oxidation resistance function, decreased cholesterol function, inhibits cancer function and has unique physiological functions, including anti-inflammatory, anti‑apoptotic and anti‑oxidative properties. The present study investigated the effect of tocotrienols on spinal cord injury (SCI) by evaluating oxidative stress, inflammation and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in rats. A rat model of SCI was induced by operation. SCI rats were treated with 120 mg/kg/day tocotrienol once a day for eight consecutive weeks. Functional recovery following SCI was measured by using the Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale. Then the volume of spinal cord contusions was measured following induction of SCI in the rats. In SCI rats, serum malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, nuclear factor‑κB p65 unit, tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6 levels were analyzed using respective commercial immunoassay kits. Firstly, iNOS, transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β, collagen type IV and fibronectin protein expression levels, in addition to iNOS activity and plasma nitric oxide (NO) production in SCI rats was analyzed using western blot analysis, commercial kits and Griess reagent, respectively. Tocotrienol treatment elevated BBB scores and contused volume in the SCI rats. Tocotrienol protected against SCI with reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, and inhibited iNOS protein expression iNOS activity and plasma NO production in rats. In addition, treatment with tocotrienols suppressed TGF‑β, collagen type IV and fibronectin protein expression levels in SCI rats. These results suggest that tocotrienols protect SCI, and suppress oxidative stress, inflammation and iNOS in this model of SCI through TGF‑β, collagen type IV and fibronectin signaling pathways. AD - Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China AU - Xun,Chuanhui AU - Mamat,Mardan AU - Guo,Hailong AU - Mamati,Pulat AU - Sheng,Jun AU - Zhang,Jian AU - Xu,Tao AU - Liang,Weidong AU - Cao,Rui AU - Sheng,Weibin DA - 2017/07/01 DO - 10.3892/etm.2017.4505 EP - 438 IS - 1 JO - Exp Ther Med KW - tocotrienol spinal cord injury oxidative stress inflammation inducible nitric oxide synthase PY - 2017 SN - 1792-0981 1792-1015 SP - 431 ST - Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β T2 - Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine TI - Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4505 VL - 14 ER -