TY - JOUR AB - Aim of research was to evaluate and compare the clinical and microbiological effects of two different regimens of amoxicillin (AMX) and metronidazole (MTZ) combined with non‑surgical periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), and identify antibiotic‑resistant bacteria and changes in oxidative stress (OS). Forty-six patients with generalized CP were randomly assigned to group A [scaling and root planing within 24 h (SRP) + placebo for 7 days), group B [SRP + AMX + MTZ, both 500 mg three times daily (TID), 3 days), and group C [SRP + AMX + MTZ, both 500 mg TID, 7 days). Periodontal pocket depth (PPD‑primary outcome), clinical attachment level (CAL), full‑mouth bleeding scores (FMBS), plaque scores (FMPS), blood and subgingival plaque were assessed at baseline and after three months. OS was evaluated via derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d‑ROMs) and assessments of biological antioxidant potential (BAP). Bacterial profiling was performed by PCR. Antibiotic resistance was evaluated in cultures. PPD, CAL, number of sites with PPD ≥6 mm, their PPD, CAL and FMBS decreased (P<0.05) in all groups, as well as FMPS in groups A and B, and d‑ROMs in group C. There were significant differences among groups regarding decreases in the frequency of detection for Aa and Tf. For Aa, there were differences between groups A and C (P=0.048) and between groups B and C (P=0.048), but not between groups A and B; whereas for Tf, groups A and B were different from group C (P<0.001), but not from each other (P=0.920). No resistance to AMX was identified prior to treatment; two strains were resistant after treatment. Before treatment, 13 strains were resistant to MTZ, and 2 were resistant after. One strain in the same patient was sensitive prior to treatment, and later became resistant to both antibiotics. SRP with a 7‑day course of antibiotic therapy was more effective for improving clinical parameters, in decrease of detection of several periopathogens, and in improvement of OS when compared to a 3‑day regimen. Resistance was found in fewer strains after treatment than before. AD - Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Victor Babeş’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara 300041, Romania Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Victor Babeş’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara 300041, Romania Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Victor Babeş’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara 300041, Romania Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Victor Babeş’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara 300041, Romania Department of ENT, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Victor Babeş’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara 300041, Romania Department of Pathophysiology Faculty of Medicine, ‘Victor Babeş’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara 300041, Romania Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Victor Babeş’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara 300041, Romania AU - Boia,Simina AU - Boariu,Marius AU - Baderca,Flavia AU - Rusu,Darian AU - Muntean,Delia AU - Horhat,Florin AU - Boia,Eugen-Radu AU - Borza,Claudia AU - Anghel,Andrei AU - Stratul,Ştefan-Ioan DA - 2019/12/01 DO - 10.3892/etm.2019.7856 EP - 5015 IS - 6 JO - Exp Ther Med KW - periodontitis bacteria root planing antibiotics antibiotic resistance oxidative stress PY - 2019 SN - 1792-0981 1792-1015 SP - 5001 ST - Clinical, microbiological and oxidative stress evaluation of periodontitis patients treated with two regimens of systemic antibiotics, adjunctive to non-surgical therapy: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial T2 - Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine TI - Clinical, microbiological and oxidative stress evaluation of periodontitis patients treated with two regimens of systemic antibiotics, adjunctive to non-surgical therapy: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2019.7856 VL - 18 ER -