TY - JOUR AB - Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), an endocrine condition caused by a parathyroid adenoma (PTA) in 80‑85% of the cases, has shifted in the modern era to a mildly symptomatic phenotype due to the prompt recognition of hypercalcemia and to a minimally invasive surgical approach which has a curative potential. Clinical complications of PHTH are either related to high calcium or parathyroid hormone [also parathormone (PTH)] or both, while the originating tumor typically is small, without local mass effects. A distinct entity is represented by giant PTA (GPTA) which is considered at a weight of more than 3 (3.5) grams. The present article is a review of the literature involving practical points of non‑syndromic PHPT‑related GPTA. Most authors agree that pre‑operatory calcium and PTH are higher in GPTA vs. non‑GPTA. However, the clinical presentation of PHPT may be less severe, probably due to local mass effects that bring the patient to an early medical evaluation. Age distribution, sex ratio, rate of successful pre‑operatory location do not differ from non‑giant PTA. Hypovitaminosis D is more frequent in PTA of higher dimensions. Post‑operative hypocalcemia, but not recurrent/persistent PHPT, is expected, even hungry bone disease. A higher rate of atypia is described although the tumor is mostly benign. Unusual presentations such as cystic transformation, initial diagnosis during pregnancy or auto‑infarction have been reported. The ectopic localization of PTA presented in almost 15% of all cases may also be found in GPTA. What are the exact cutoffs for defining GPTA is still an open issue. AD - Department of Endocrinology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania Department of Endocrinology, ‘C.I. Parhon’ National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania Department of Endocrinology, ‘I. Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania AU - Ghemigian,Adina AU - Trandafir,Alexandra,Ioana AU - Petrova,Eugenia AU - Carsote,Mara AU - Valea,Ana AU - Filipescu,Alexandru AU - Oproiu,Ana-Maria AU - Sandru,Florica DA - 2022/01/01 DO - 10.3892/etm.2021.11011 IS - 1 JO - Exp Ther Med KW - parathyroid adenoma primary hyperparathyroidism parathyroidectomy calcium vitamin D parathyroid tumor parathormone giant parathyroid adenoma incidentaloma cyst PY - 2022 SN - 1792-0981 1792-1015 SP - 88 ST - Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review) T2 - Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine TI - Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review) UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11011 VL - 23 ER -