TY - JOUR AB - Cancer immunotherapy has shifted the paradigm in cancer treatment in recent years. Immune checkpoint blockage (ICB), the active cancer vaccination and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) for T‑cell‑based adoptive cell transfer represent the main developments, achieving a surprising increased survival in patients included in clinical trials. In spite of these results, the current state‑of‑the‑art immunotherapy has its limitations in efficacy. The existence of an interdisciplinary interface involving current knowledge in biology, immunology, bioengineering and materials science represents important progress in increasing the effectiveness of immunotherapy in cancer. Cutaneous melanoma remains a difficult cancer to treat, in which immunotherapy is a major therapeutic option. In fact, enhancing immunotherapy is possible using sophisticated biomedical nanotechnology platforms of organic or inorganic materials or engineering various immune cells to enhance the immune system. In addition, biological devices have developed, changing the approach to and treatment results in melanoma. In this review, we present different modalities to modulate the immune system, as well as opportunities and challenges in melanoma treatment. AD - Department of Medicine III‑Medical Oncology-Radiotherapy, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania Department of Medical Oncology, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania Department of Surgery, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania Department of Medical Oncology, ‘Euroclinic’ Center of Oncology, 70010 Iasi, Romania Department of Radiology, ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania AU - Volovat,Simona,Ruxandra AU - Negru,Serban AU - Stolniceanu,Cati,Raluca AU - Volovat,Constantin AU - Lungulescu,Cristian AU - Scripcariu,Dragos AU - Cobzeanu,Bogdan,Mihail AU - Stefanescu,Cipriana AU - Grigorescu,Cristina AU - Augustin,Iolanda AU - Ursulescu,Corina,Lupascu AU - Volovat,Cristian,Constantin DA - 2021/05/01 DO - 10.3892/etm.2021.9967 IS - 5 JO - Exp Ther Med KW - immunotherapy cutaneous melanoma nanotechnology nanomedicine nano‑agents PY - 2021 SN - 1792-0981 1792-1015 SP - 535 ST - Nanomedicine to modulate immunotherapy in cutaneous melanoma (Review) T2 - Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine TI - Nanomedicine to modulate immunotherapy in cutaneous melanoma (Review) UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9967 VL - 21 ER -