TY - JOUR AB - In‑stent restenosis (ISR) remains an inevitable problem for some patients receiving drug‑eluting stent (DES) implantation. Intimal hyperplasia is an important biological cause of ISR. It has been previously reported that adropin is a potentially protective factor in cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the present study investigated the function of adropin in inhibiting smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype modulation and proliferation, causing intimal hyperplasia. A total of 56 patients who visited the hospital consecutively (25 with ISR and 31 without ISR), who were followed up between April 2016 and March 2019, 1 year following DES, were analyzed to evaluate the association between in‑stent neointimal volume and adropin serum levels. Rat aorta smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) were used to determine the effects of adropin on their phenotypic modulation and proliferation using western blot, MTT, PCR and immunofluorescence analyses. Adropin serum levels in the ISR group were significantly lower than those in the non‑ISR group. Furthermore, linear regression analysis revealed that only adropin levels were negatively associated with neointimal volume in both groups. The overall adropin levels of the 56 patients and the percentages of neointimal volume revealed a strong negative association. In vitro, adropin suppressed angiotensin II (Ang II)‑induced phenotypic modulation in RASMCs by restoring variations of osteopontin and α‑smooth muscle actin. Furthermore, compared with the Ang II group, adropin markedly decreased the percentage of G2/M‑phase cells. Finally, adropin negatively regulated the phenotypic modulation and proliferation of RASMCs via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/acetyl‑CoA carboxylase (AMPK/ACC) signaling pathway. In conclusion, an independent, negative association was revealed between adropin and intimal hyperplasia; specifically, adropin inhibited the phenotypic modulation and proliferation of RASMCs by activating the AMPK/ACC signaling pathway. Therefore, adropin may be used as a potential predictor and therapeutic target for intimal hyperplasia and ISR. AD - Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215151, P.R. China Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China AU - Wang,Li AU - Zhao,Liang-Ping AU - Chen,Yu-Qi AU - Chang,Xian-Song AU - Xiong,Hui AU - Zhang,Dai-Min AU - Xu,Wei-Ting AU - Chen,Jian-Chang DA - 2021/06/01 DO - 10.3892/etm.2021.9992 IS - 6 JO - Exp Ther Med KW - adropin neointimal hyperplasia in‑stent restenosis AMP‑activated protein kinase acetyl‑CoA carboxylase phenotypic modulation proliferation PY - 2021 SN - 1792-0981 1792-1015 SP - 560 ST - Adropin inhibits the phenotypic modulation and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells during neointimal hyperplasia by activating the AMPK/ACC signaling pathway T2 - Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine TI - Adropin inhibits the phenotypic modulation and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells during neointimal hyperplasia by activating the AMPK/ACC signaling pathway UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9992 VL - 21 ER -