TY - JOUR AB - Non‑traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head is the main cause of disability in young individuals and incurs major health care expenditure. The lifestyle changes in recent years, especially increased use of hormones and alcohol consumption, has greatly increased the incidence of femoral head necrosis. The underlying causes and risk factors of osteonecrosis of the femoral head are increasingly being elucidated, which has led to the development of novel surgical and non‑surgical treatment options. Although the main goal of any treatment method is prevention and delaying the progression of disease, there is no common consensus on the most suitable method of treatment. The present review discussed the latest developments in the etiology and treatment methods for femoral head necrosis. AD - Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710000, P.R. China AU - Liu,Ning AU - Zheng,Changming AU - Wang,Qinglong AU - Huang,Zhipeng DA - 2022/05/01 DO - 10.3892/etm.2022.11250 IS - 5 JO - Exp Ther Med KW - femoral head necrosis platelet rich plasma core decom-pression bone‑marrow stem cell transplantation joint replacement PY - 2022 SN - 1792-0981 1792-1015 SP - 321 ST - Treatment of non‑traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head (Review) T2 - Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine TI - Treatment of non‑traumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head (Review) UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2022.11250 VL - 23 ER -