TY - JOUR AB - The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma has been steadily increasing worldwide for several decades. This phenomenon seems to follow the trend observed in many types of malignancies caused by multiple significant factors, including ageing. Despite the progress in cutaneous malignant melanoma therapeutic options, the curability of advanced disease after metastasis represents a serious challenge for further research. In this review, we summarise data on the microenvironment of cutaneous malignant melanoma with emphasis on intercellular signalling during the disease progression. Malignant melanocytes with features of neural crest stem cells interact with non‑malignant populations within this microenvironment. We focus on representative bioactive factors regulating this intercellular crosstalk. We describe the possible key factors and signalling cascades responsible for the high complexity of the melanoma microenvironment and its premetastatic niches. Furthermore, we present the concept of melanoma early becoming a systemic disease. This systemic effect is presented as a background for the new horizons in the therapy of cutaneous melanoma. AD - Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic Department of Dermatovenereology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic AU - Kodet,Ondřej AU - Kučera,Jan AU - Strnadová,Karolína AU - Dvořánková,Barbora  AU - Štork,Jiří AU - Lacina,Lukáš AU - Smetana,Karel DA - 2020/09/01 DO - 10.3892/ijo.2020.5090 EP - 630 IS - 3 JO - Int J Oncol KW - melanoma cancer microenvironment cancer‑associated fibroblast cytokine chemokine growth factor PY - 2020 SN - 1019-6439 1791-2423 SP - 619 ST - Cutaneous melanoma dissemination is dependent on the malignant cell properties and factors of intercellular crosstalk in the cancer microenvironment (Review) T2 - International Journal of Oncology TI - Cutaneous melanoma dissemination is dependent on the malignant cell properties and factors of intercellular crosstalk in the cancer microenvironment (Review) UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2020.5090 VL - 57 ER -