TY - JOUR AB - Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) plays a vital role in chondrocyte hypertrophy and bone formation. To investigate the function of HDAC4 in postnatal skeletal development, the present study developed lineage‑specific HDAC4‑knockout mice [collagen type 2α1 (Col2α1)‑Cre, HDAC4d/d mice] by crossing transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase. Thus, a specific ablation of HDAC4 was performed in Col2α1‑expressing mice cells. The knee joints of HDAC4fl/fl and Col2α1‑Cre, HDAC4d/d mice were analyzed at postnatal day (P)2‑P21 using an in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay, and Safranin O, Von Kossa and whole‑body staining were used to evaluate the developmental growth plate, hypertrophic differentiation, mineralization and skeletal mineralization patterns. The trabecular bone was analyzed using microcomputed tomography. The expressions of BrdU, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑13, runt‑related transcription factor (Runx)‑2, osteoprotegerin (OPG), CD34, type X collagen (ColX), osteocalcin and Wnt5a were determined using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization (ISH) and reverse transcription‑quantitative (RT‑q)PCR. The results demonstrated that HDAC4‑null mice (HDAC4d/d mice) were severely runted; these mice had a shortened hypertrophic zone (histopathological evaluation), accelerated vascular invasion and articular mineralization (Von Kossa staining), elevated expressions of MMP‑13, Runx2, OPG and CD34 (RT‑qPCR and immunohistochemistry), downregulated expression of the proliferative marker BrdU and PCNA (immunohistochemistry), increased expression of ColX and decreased expression of Wnt5a (ISH). In conclusion, chondrocyte‑derived HDAC4 was responsible for regulating chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation as well as endochondral bone formation. AD - Shi's Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Shanghai Academy of TCM, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory and Applications in Complicated Industry Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China Department of Orthopedics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA AU - Du,Guoqing AU - Xiang,Chuan AU - Sang,Xiaowen AU - Wang,Xiang AU - Shi,Ying AU - Wang,Nan AU - Wang,Shaowei AU - Li,Pengcui AU - Wei,Xiaochun AU - Zhang,Min AU - Gao,Lilan AU - Zhan,Hongsheng AU - Wei,Lei DA - 2020/11/01 DO - 10.3892/mmr.2020.11465 EP - 4040 IS - 5 JO - Mol Med Rep KW - HDAC4 chondrocyte hypertrophy premature ossification PY - 2020 SN - 1791-2997 1791-3004 SP - 4031 ST - Histone deacetylase 4 deletion results in abnormal chondrocyte hypertrophy and premature ossification from collagen type 2α1‑expressing cells T2 - Molecular Medicine Reports TI - Histone deacetylase 4 deletion results in abnormal chondrocyte hypertrophy and premature ossification from collagen type 2α1‑expressing cells UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2020.11465 VL - 22 ER -