TY - JOUR AB - Astaxanthin is a lipid‑soluble carotenoid produced by various microorganisms and marine animals, including bacteria, yeast, fungi, microalgae, shrimps and lobsters. Astaxanthin has antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties. These characteristics suggest that astaxanthin has health benefits and protects against various diseases. Owing to its ability to cross the blood‑brain barrier, astaxanthin has received attention for its protective effects against neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, cognitive impairment and neuropathic pain. Previous studies on the neurological effects of astaxanthin are mostly based on animal models and cellular experiments. Thus, the biological effects of astaxanthin on humans and its underlying mechanisms are still not fully understood. The present review summarizes the neuroprotective effects of astaxanthin, explores its mechanisms of action and draws attention to its potential clinical implications as a therapeutic agent. AD - Department of Neurology Intervention, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China Department of Pediatrics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China AU - Si,Pan AU - Zhu,Chenkai DA - 2022/10/01 DO - 10.3892/mmr.2022.12816 IS - 4 JO - Mol Med Rep KW - astaxanthin Alzheimer's disease Parkinson disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cerebral ischemia/reperfusion subarachnoid hemorrhage PY - 2022 SN - 1791-2997 1791-3004 SP - 300 ST - Biological and neurological activities of astaxanthin (Review) T2 - Molecular Medicine Reports TI - Biological and neurological activities of astaxanthin (Review) UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2022.12816 VL - 26 ER -