TY - JOUR AB - Deregulation of forkhead box (FOX) proteins has been found in many genetic diseases and malignancies including leukemia. Leukemia is a common neoplastic disease of the blood or bone marrow characterized by the presence of immature leukocytes and is one of the leading causes of death due to cancer. Forkhead transcription factors, FOXM1 and FOXO family members (FOXOs), are important mediators in leukemia development. Aberrant expression of FOXM1 and FOXOs results in leukemogenesis. Usually the expression of FOXM1 is upregulated, whereas the expression of FOXOs is downregulated due to phosphorylation, nuclear exclusion and degradation in leukemia. On the one hand, FOXOs are bona fide tumor suppressors, on the other hand, active FOXOs maintain leukemia stem cells and stimulate drug resistance genes, contributing to leukemogenesis. FOXM1 and FOXOs have been proven to be potential targets for the development of leukemia therapeutics. They are also valuable diagnostic and prognostic markers in leukemia for clinical applications. This review summarizes the present knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms by which FOXM1 and FOXOs modulate leukemogenesis and leukemia development, the clinical relevance of these FOX proteins in leukemia and related areas that warrant further investigation. AD - Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P.R. China AU - Zhu,Hong DA - 2014/10/01 DO - 10.3892/or.2014.3357 EP - 1334 IS - 4 JO - Oncol Rep KW - FOXM1 FOXO transcription factors leukemia pathogenesis therapeutics prognosis PY - 2014 SN - 1021-335X 1791-2431 SP - 1327 ST - Targeting forkhead box transcription factors FOXM1 and FOXO in leukemia (Review) T2 - Oncology Reports TI - Targeting forkhead box transcription factors FOXM1 and FOXO in leukemia (Review) UR - https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2014.3357 VL - 32 ER -