Crocin protects retinal ganglion cells against H2O2-induced damage through the mitochondrial pathway and activation of NF-κB

  • Authors:
    • Bochang Lv
    • Tao Chen
    • Zhiguo Xu
    • Fuquan Huo
    • Yanyan Wei
    • Xinguang Yang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 23, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2418
  • Pages: 225-232
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Abstract

Glaucoma is a degenerative nerve disorder that results in irreversible blindness. It has been reported that the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is a hallmark of glaucoma. Oxidative stress is one of the major factors that cause apoptosis of RGCs. Crocin has many beneficial effects, including antioxidant and anti-apoptotic actions. However, the mechanism by which crocin protects against oxidative stress‑induced damage to RGCs remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which crocin protects RGC-5 cells against H2O2-induced damage. H2O2 was used to establish a model of oxidative stress injury in RGC-5 cells to mimic the development of glaucoma in vitro. Different concentrations (0.1 and 1 µM) of crocin were added to test whether crocin was capable of protecting RGCs from H2O2-induced damage. WST-1, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release and Annexin V/FITC assays were then performed. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected using a ROS assay kit, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was analyzed by JC-1 staining, caspase-3 activity was examined using a Caspase-3 assay kit, and the protein levels of Bax, Bcl-1 and cytochrome c were measured using western blot analysis. In addition, the protein level of phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (p-NF-κB) p65 was also evaluated using western blot analysis. The results showed that crocin protected RGC-5 cells from apoptosis, decreased LDH release and enhanced cell viability. Additional experiments demonstrated that crocin decreased ROS levels, increased ΔΨm, downregulated the protein expression of Bax and cytochrome c, promoted Bcl-2 protein expression and activated NF-κB. Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that crocin prevented H2O2‑induced damage to RGCs through the mitochondrial pathway and activation of NF-κB.
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January-2016
Volume 37 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Lv B, Chen T, Xu Z, Huo F, Wei Y and Yang X: Crocin protects retinal ganglion cells against H2O2-induced damage through the mitochondrial pathway and activation of NF-κB. Int J Mol Med 37: 225-232, 2016
APA
Lv, B., Chen, T., Xu, Z., Huo, F., Wei, Y., & Yang, X. (2016). Crocin protects retinal ganglion cells against H2O2-induced damage through the mitochondrial pathway and activation of NF-κB. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 37, 225-232. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2418
MLA
Lv, B., Chen, T., Xu, Z., Huo, F., Wei, Y., Yang, X."Crocin protects retinal ganglion cells against H2O2-induced damage through the mitochondrial pathway and activation of NF-κB". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 37.1 (2016): 225-232.
Chicago
Lv, B., Chen, T., Xu, Z., Huo, F., Wei, Y., Yang, X."Crocin protects retinal ganglion cells against H2O2-induced damage through the mitochondrial pathway and activation of NF-κB". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 37, no. 1 (2016): 225-232. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2418