β-elemene inhibits the proliferation of T24 bladder carcinoma cells through upregulation of the expression of Smad4

  • Authors:
    • Xinsheng Lu
    • Yi Wang
    • Hongmei Luo
    • Weibin Qiu
    • Hu Han
    • Xian Chen
    • Luoyan Yang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: November 28, 2012     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2012.1206
  • Pages: 513-518
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Abstract

β-elemene, a non-cytotoxic antitumor reagent, inhibits the growth, proliferation and DNA synthesis of multiple types of malignant cells, resulting in the apoptosis or suppressed vascularization of tumors. β-elemene is also able to enhance the immunogenicity of the tumor cells and ameliorate systematic cellular immunity in the tumor‑bearing body. Moreover, β-elemene has the advantages of high efficiency, safety and low possibility of drug tolerance over other antitumor agents used in antitumor treatment. Therefore, β-elemene has great potential in clinical applications. However, the mechanism of β-elemene antitumor activity is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether β-elemene is able to repress the proliferation of T24 bladder carcinoma cells through regulation of the expression of the tumor suppressor gene, Smad4. Results of a methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay indicated that the proliferation of T24 cells was repressed by β-elemene in a time- and concentration‑dependent manner. The lowest concentration of β-elemene to inhibit cell survival by >50% was determined using IC50 software. Microscopic observation also demonstrated the potential of β-elemene to induce the apoptosis of cancer cells. Western blot and RT-PCR analyses revealed that the expression of the Smad4 protein and mRNA was upregulated by treatment with β-elemene. Our results revealed that β-elemene was able to upregulate the expression of Smad4 in tumor cells to inhibit the proliferation of these cells.
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February 2013
Volume 7 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Spandidos Publications style
Lu X, Wang Y, Luo H, Qiu W, Han H, Chen X and Yang L: β-elemene inhibits the proliferation of T24 bladder carcinoma cells through upregulation of the expression of Smad4. Mol Med Rep 7: 513-518, 2013
APA
Lu, X., Wang, Y., Luo, H., Qiu, W., Han, H., Chen, X., & Yang, L. (2013). β-elemene inhibits the proliferation of T24 bladder carcinoma cells through upregulation of the expression of Smad4. Molecular Medicine Reports, 7, 513-518. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2012.1206
MLA
Lu, X., Wang, Y., Luo, H., Qiu, W., Han, H., Chen, X., Yang, L."β-elemene inhibits the proliferation of T24 bladder carcinoma cells through upregulation of the expression of Smad4". Molecular Medicine Reports 7.2 (2013): 513-518.
Chicago
Lu, X., Wang, Y., Luo, H., Qiu, W., Han, H., Chen, X., Yang, L."β-elemene inhibits the proliferation of T24 bladder carcinoma cells through upregulation of the expression of Smad4". Molecular Medicine Reports 7, no. 2 (2013): 513-518. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2012.1206