Tougu Xiaotong formula induces chondrogenic differentiation in association with transforming growth factor-β1 and promotes proliferation in bone marrow stromal cells

  • Authors:
    • Jiashou Chen
    • Guozhong Liu
    • Xiaping Weng
    • Fayuan Liu
    • Pingdong Lin
    • Huiting Li
    • Wenlie Chen
    • Yunmei Huang
    • Xianxiang Liu
    • Hongzhi Ye
    • Xihai Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: December 24, 2014     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.2049
  • Pages: 747-754
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )


Abstract

Indian hedgehog (Ihh), one of the hedgehog gene families, is indicated in the regulation of chondrocyte differentiation. Tougu Xiaotong formula (TXF), a traditional Chinese medicinal compound, has been used for the treatment of bone and joint disease. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of TXF on the function of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) remain unclear. In the present study, the affect of TXF on proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation was investigated in primary BMSCs from four‑week‑old Sprague Dawley rats. The cell viability in BMSCs treated with TXF was higher compared to the untreated cells. Additionally, the percentage of G0/G1 phase cells was significantly decreased, whereas that of the S phase cells was significantly increased. Furthermore, following TXF treatment, cyclin D1, cyclin‑dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6 expression in BMSCs was significantly enhanced. The results showed that TXF had no cytotoxicity to BMSCs. To explore the effect of TXF on the differentiation in BMSCs, whether TXF induced chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs by the regulation of Ihh signaling pathway was investigated. The protein expression of Ihh, Patched and Smoothened in the induction group were significantly increased when compared to those in the control group, and the highest protein level of Ihh was in the induction group that was treated with the combination of TXF and transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1). In addition, TXF combined with TGF‑β1 significantly induced the protein expression of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and collagen II compared to the TGF‑β1 group. Taken together, these results indicate that TXF promotes the proliferation via accelerating the G1/S transition, and induces chondrogenic differentiation in BMSCs by activation of the Ihh signaling pathway in association with TGF‑β1.
View Figures
View References

Related Articles

Journal Cover

March-2015
Volume 35 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

Sign up for eToc alerts

Recommend to Library

Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chen J, Liu G, Weng X, Liu F, Lin P, Li H, Chen W, Huang Y, Liu X, Ye H, Ye H, et al: Tougu Xiaotong formula induces chondrogenic differentiation in association with transforming growth factor-β1 and promotes proliferation in bone marrow stromal cells. Int J Mol Med 35: 747-754, 2015.
APA
Chen, J., Liu, G., Weng, X., Liu, F., Lin, P., Li, H. ... Li, X. (2015). Tougu Xiaotong formula induces chondrogenic differentiation in association with transforming growth factor-β1 and promotes proliferation in bone marrow stromal cells. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 35, 747-754. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.2049
MLA
Chen, J., Liu, G., Weng, X., Liu, F., Lin, P., Li, H., Chen, W., Huang, Y., Liu, X., Ye, H., Li, X."Tougu Xiaotong formula induces chondrogenic differentiation in association with transforming growth factor-β1 and promotes proliferation in bone marrow stromal cells". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 35.3 (2015): 747-754.
Chicago
Chen, J., Liu, G., Weng, X., Liu, F., Lin, P., Li, H., Chen, W., Huang, Y., Liu, X., Ye, H., Li, X."Tougu Xiaotong formula induces chondrogenic differentiation in association with transforming growth factor-β1 and promotes proliferation in bone marrow stromal cells". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 35, no. 3 (2015): 747-754. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.2049