Activin suppresses LPS-induced Toll-like receptor, cytokine and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in normal human melanocytes by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK pathway activation

  • Authors:
    • Young Il Kim
    • Seung-Won Park
    • In Jung Kang
    • Min Kyung Shin
    • Mu-Hyoung Lee
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  • Published online on: August 10, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2308
  • Pages: 1165-1172
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Abstract

Activins are dimeric growth and differentiation factors that belong to the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily of structurally related signaling proteins. In the present study, we examined the mechanisms through which activin regulates the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced transcription of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in human melanocytes, as well as the involvement of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Cell proliferation was analyzed by cell viability assay, mRNA expression was detected by RT-qPCR, and protein expression was measured by western blot analysis. LPS increased the mRNA expression of TLRs (TLR1-10) and cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α], as well as the mRNA and protein expression of iNOS. Activin decreased the LPS-induced TLR and cytokine mRNA expression, as well as the LPS-induced iNOS mRNA and protein expression. In addition, activin suppressed NF-κB p65 activation and blocked inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα) degradation in LPS-stimulated melanocytes, and reduced LPS-induced p38 MAPK and MEK/ERK activation. On the whole, our results demonstrated that activin inhibited TLR and cytokine expression in LPS-activated normal human melanocytes and suppressed LPS-induced iNOS gene expression. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory effects of activin were shown to be mediated through the suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling, resulting in reduced TLR and iNOS expression, and in the inhibition of inflammatory cytokine expression.
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October-2015
Volume 36 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Kim YI, Park S, Kang IJ, Shin MK and Lee M: Activin suppresses LPS-induced Toll-like receptor, cytokine and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in normal human melanocytes by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK pathway activation. Int J Mol Med 36: 1165-1172, 2015.
APA
Kim, Y.I., Park, S., Kang, I.J., Shin, M.K., & Lee, M. (2015). Activin suppresses LPS-induced Toll-like receptor, cytokine and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in normal human melanocytes by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK pathway activation. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 36, 1165-1172. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2308
MLA
Kim, Y. I., Park, S., Kang, I. J., Shin, M. K., Lee, M."Activin suppresses LPS-induced Toll-like receptor, cytokine and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in normal human melanocytes by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK pathway activation". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 36.4 (2015): 1165-1172.
Chicago
Kim, Y. I., Park, S., Kang, I. J., Shin, M. K., Lee, M."Activin suppresses LPS-induced Toll-like receptor, cytokine and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in normal human melanocytes by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK pathway activation". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 36, no. 4 (2015): 1165-1172. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2015.2308