Molecular responses of radiation-induced liver damage in rats

Cheng,Wei; Xiao,Lei; Ainiwaer,Aimudula; Wang,Yunlian; Wu,Ge; Mao,Rui; Yang,Ying; Bao,Yongxing

doi:10.3892/mmr.2014.3051

Molecular responses of radiation-induced liver damage in rats

Authors:
- Wei Cheng
- Lei Xiao
- Aimudula Ainiwaer
- Yunlian Wang
- Ge Wu
- Rui Mao
- Ying Yang
- Yongxing Bao
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Affiliations: Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
Published online on: December 4, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2014.3051
Pages: 2592-2600
Copyright: © Cheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular responses involved in radiation‑induced liver damage (RILD). Sprague‑Dawley rats (6‑weeks‑old) were irradiated once at a dose of 20 Gy to the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The rats were then sacrificed 3 days and 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after irradiation and rats, which were not exposed to irradiation were used as controls. Weight measurements and blood was obtained from the rats and liver tissues were collected for histological and apoptotic analysis. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and western blot analysis were performed to measure the expression levels of mRNAs and proteins, respectively. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were increased significantly in the RILD rats. Histological investigation revealed the proliferation of collagen and the formation of fibrotic tissue 12 weeks after irradiation. Apoptotic cells were observed predominantly 2 and 4 weeks after irradiation. The immunohistochemistry, RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis all revealed the same pattern of changes in the expression levels of the molecules assessed. The expression levels of transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1), nuclear factor (NF)‑κB65, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (Smad3) and Smad7 and connective tissue growth factor were increased during the recovery period following irradiation up to 12 weeks. The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α, Smad7 and Smad4 were only increased during the early phase (first 4 weeks) of recovery following irradiation. In the RILD rat model, the molecular responses indicated that the TGF‑β1/Smads and NF‑κB65 signaling pathways are involved in the mechanism of RILD recovery.

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