Role of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Sun,Jian; Li,Jieyun; Li,Chichi; Yu,Youcheng

doi:10.3892/mmr.2015.3954

Role of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Authors:
- Jian Sun
- Jieyun Li
- Chichi Li
- Youcheng Yu
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Affiliations: Department of Dentistry, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
Published online on: June 18, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3954
Pages: 4230-4237
Copyright: © Sun et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been an area of interest in biomedical research and tissue engineering due to their diverse differentiation abilities. In osteogenesis, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), particularly BMP‑2, are important. However, the effect of BMP‑2 on the osteogenetic capacity of BMSCs remains to be fully elucidated. In the present study, primary rat BMSCs were infected with a recombinant lentivirus carrying the BMP‑2 gene (Lenti‑BMP‑2), and the effects of BMP‑2 on the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) on days 3, 7, 14 and 21, and on mineralization on day 21 were evaluated. In addition, the adhesive ability of BMP‑2‑overexpressed BMSCs was detected using an adhesion assay. Following forced expression of BMP‑2 in the BMSCs, the levels of osteogenic genes, including osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OC) and collagen type I (Col‑Ⅰ), were detected and the nuclear accumulation of Runt‑related transcription factor (Runx)‑2 and phosphorylated small mothers against decapentaplegic (p‑Smad) 1/5/8 was also evaluated. The results demonstrated that the rat BMSCs had been isolated, cultured and passaged from Sprague‑Dawley rat bone marrow successfully, and the third‑generation BMSCs were identified using flow cytometry with CD29 staining. The osteogenetic phenotype of the BMSCs, expressing ALP and osteocalcin, was significantly induced by BMP‑2, and the proliferation of the BMSCs was enhanced by BMP‑2. Furthermore, the adhesive potential of the BMP‑2‑overexpressed BMSCs was increased, the expression levels of OPN, OCN and Col‑Ⅰe osteogenetic factors were upregulated and the nuclear accumulation of Runx‑2 and p‑Smads1/5/8 were increased significantly. These data suggested that BMP‑2 may facilitate the osteogenetic differentiation of rat BMSCs and provide a favorable cell resource for tissue engineering.

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