Cadmium-induced autophagy is mediated by oxidative signaling in PC-12 cells and is associated with cytoprotection

  • Authors:
    • Qi-Wen Wang
    • Yi Wang
    • Tao Wang
    • Kang-Bao Zhang
    • Yan Yuan
    • Jian‑Chun Bian
    • Xue-Zhong Liu
    • Jian-Hong Gu
    • Jia-Qiao Zhu
    • Zong-Ping Liu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 11, 2015     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3907
  • Pages: 4448-4454
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Abstract

Oxidative stress induced by cadmium (Cd) is a common phenomenon that has been observed in numerous studies. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Recently, exposure of PC-12 cells to Cd has been shown to activate autophagy, which acts as a temporary survival pathway under stressful conditions by delaying the occurrence of apoptosis. The present study investigated the impact of oxidative stress on Cd‑induced autophagy in PC-12 cells. The results demonstrated that Cd‑induced autophagy (following treatment with Cd for 4 h), increased the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and resulted in apoptosis. A treatment with chloroquine (CQ; an autophagic inhibitor) sensitized the PC‑12 cells to Cd, due to the increased production of ROS, which was associated with the incapacity to reduce mitochondrial and cell death. N-acetyl-L-cysteine, an antioxidant agent, decreased Cd-induced autophagy and reduced intracellular ROS levels, but enhanced CQ‑induced apoptotic cell death. These findings indicate that moderate levels of ROS are essential in the regulation of Cd-induced autophagy, which subsequently enhances cell survival. Thus, the results of the present study provide an insight for future investigation of Cd-induced neurotoxicity.
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September-2015
Volume 12 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Spandidos Publications style
Wang Q, Wang Y, Wang T, Zhang K, Yuan Y, Bian JC, Liu X, Gu J, Zhu J, Liu Z, Liu Z, et al: Cadmium-induced autophagy is mediated by oxidative signaling in PC-12 cells and is associated with cytoprotection. Mol Med Rep 12: 4448-4454, 2015
APA
Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Wang, T., Zhang, K., Yuan, Y., Bian, J. ... Liu, Z. (2015). Cadmium-induced autophagy is mediated by oxidative signaling in PC-12 cells and is associated with cytoprotection. Molecular Medicine Reports, 12, 4448-4454. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3907
MLA
Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Wang, T., Zhang, K., Yuan, Y., Bian, J., Liu, X., Gu, J., Zhu, J., Liu, Z."Cadmium-induced autophagy is mediated by oxidative signaling in PC-12 cells and is associated with cytoprotection". Molecular Medicine Reports 12.3 (2015): 4448-4454.
Chicago
Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Wang, T., Zhang, K., Yuan, Y., Bian, J., Liu, X., Gu, J., Zhu, J., Liu, Z."Cadmium-induced autophagy is mediated by oxidative signaling in PC-12 cells and is associated with cytoprotection". Molecular Medicine Reports 12, no. 3 (2015): 4448-4454. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3907