Antiadipogenic effects of subthermal electric stimulation at 448 kHz on differentiating human mesenchymal stem cells

Hernández‑Bule,María Luisa; Martínez‑Botas,Javier; Trillo,María Ángeles; Paíno,Carlos L; Úbeda,Alejandro

doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.5032

Antiadipogenic effects of subthermal electric stimulation at 448 kHz on differentiating human mesenchymal stem cells

Authors:
- María Luisa Hernández‑Bule
- Javier Martínez‑Botas
- María Ángeles Trillo
- Carlos L Paíno
- Alejandro Úbeda
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Affiliations: Department of Bioelectromagnetics, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Department of Biochemistry, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain, Department of Neurobiology, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain
Published online on: March 21, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.5032
Pages: 3895-3903
Copyright: © Hernández‑Bule et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The 448 kHz capacitive‑resistive electric transfer (CRET) is an electrothermal therapy currently applied in anticellulite and antiobesity treatments. The aim of the present study was to determine whether exposure to the CRET electric signal at subthermal doses affected early adipogenic processes in adipose‑derived stem cells (ADSC) from human donors. ADSC were incubated for 2 or 9 days in the presence of adipogenic medium, and exposed or sham‑exposed to 5 min pulses of 448 kHz electric signal at 50 µA/mm2 during the last 48 h of the incubation. Colorimetric, immunofluorescence, western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to assess adipogenic differentiation of the ADSC. Electric stimulation significantly decreased cytoplasmic lipid content, after both 2 and 9 days of differentiation. The antiadipogenic response in the 9 day samples was accompanied by activation of mitogen‑activated protein kinase kinase 1/2, decreased expression and partial inactivation of peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor (PPAR) γ, which was translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, together with a significant decrease in the expression levels of the PPARG1 gene, perilipin, angiopoietin‑like protein 4 and fatty acid synthase. These results demonstrated that subthermal stimulation with CRET interferes with the early adipogenic differentiation in ADSC, indicating that the electric stimulus itself can modulate processes controlling the synthesis and mobilization of fat, even in the absence of the concomitant thermal and mechanical components of the thermoelectric therapy CRET.

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