Correlation between bone metastasis and thrombocytosis in pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients

Zhang,Wei; Yu,Chao; Huang,Bin; Zhou,Feng‑Liang; Huang,Hai‑Dong; Li,Qiang

doi:10.3892/ol.2014.2770

Correlation between bone metastasis and thrombocytosis in pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients

Authors:
- Wei Zhang
- Chao Yu
- Bin Huang
- Feng‑Liang Zhou
- Hai‑Dong Huang
- Qiang Li
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China, Department of Respiratory Medicine, No. 413 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316000, P.R. China
Published online on: December 4, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2014.2770
Pages: 762-768

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

Thrombocytosis is commonly observed in patients exhibiting a variety of malignancies, including pulmonary, gastrointestinal and hepatic cancer. In the present study, the correlation between distant metastasis and thrombocytosis was retrospectively reviewed in 308 cases of histopathologically confirmed pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The patients were classified as having thrombocytosis or not, based on their platelet counts upon diagnosis; thrombocytosis was documented in 82/308 patients (26.6%). A log‑rank test indicated a statistically significant difference in survival between patients exhibiting thrombocytosis compared with patients not exhibiting thrombocytosis (P<0.001). In addition, the occurrence of distant metastasis and the survival period were correlated with the presence of thrombocytosis upon diagnosis. In descending order of frequency, metastases were documented at the following sites: Lymph nodes (218/308 patients; 70.8%), bone (138/308 patients; 44.8%), lung (93/308 patients; 30.2%), brain (67/308 patients; 21.8%), liver (46/308 patients; 4.9%), adrenal glands (11/308 patients; 3.6%) and kidneys (5/308 patients; 1.6%). Bone metastasis occurred significantly more frequently in patients exhibiting thrombocytosis (50/82 patients: 61.0%; P<0.05) compared with patients not exhibiting thrombocytosis (88/226 patients; 38.9%). Furthermore, according to univariate analysis, thrombocytosis, weight loss, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of ≥2 points, anemia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and increased alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and carcinoembryonic protein (CEA) levels were risk factors for bone metastasis. According to multivariate analysis, thrombocytosis, weight loss, and increased AKP and CEA levels were correlated with bone metastasis. Therefore, patients exhibiting pulmonary adenocarcinoma and thrombocytosis have a higher risk of bone metastasis compared with patients not exhibiting thrombocytosis.

View Figures

View References

1	Pedersen LM and Milman N: Prognostic significance of thrombocytosis in patients with primary lung cancer. Eur Respir J. 9:1826–1830. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
2	Aoe K, Hiraki A, Ueoka H, et al: Thrombocytosis as a useful prognostic indicator in patients with lung cancer. Respiration. 71:170–173. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	Lehmann J, Retz M, Nürnberg N, et al: The superior prognostic value of humoral factors compared with molecular proliferation markers in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer. 101:1552–1562. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Shimada H, Oohira G, Okazumi S, et al: Thrombocytosis associated with poor prognosis in patients with esophageal carcinoma. J Am Coll Surg. 198:737–741. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Suzuki K, Aiura K, Kitagou M, et al: Platelets counts closely correlate with the disease-free survival interval of pancreatic cancer patients. Hepatogastroenterology. 51:847–853. 2004.PubMed/NCBI
6	Brockmann MA, Giese A, Mueller K, et al: Preoperative thrombocytosis predicts poor survival in patients with glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol. 9:335–342. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
7	Iwasaki A, Hamanaka W, Harnada T, et al: Significance of platelet counts in patients who underwent surgical treatment for lung metastasis. Int Surg. 92:103–109. 2007.PubMed/NCBI
8	Tomita M, Shimizu T, Hara M, et al: Prognostic impact of thrombocytosis in resectable non-small cell lung cancer. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 7:613–615. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Kaushansky K: Thrombopoietin: the primary regulator of platelet production. Blood. 86:419–431. 1995.PubMed/NCBI
10	Kaushansky K: Thrombopoietin the primary regulator of platelet production. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 8:45–50. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Schafer AI: Thrombocytosis. New Engl J Med. 350:1211–1219. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Slayton WB, Wainman DA, Li XM, et al: Developmental differences in megakaryocyte maturation are determined by the microenvironment. Stem cells. 23:1400–1408. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Sungaran R, Chisholm OT, Markovic B, et al: The role of platelet alpha-granular proteins in the regulation of thrombopoietin messenger RNA expression in human bone marrow stromal cells. Blood. 95:3094–3101. 2000.PubMed/NCBI
14	Canonico S, Sciaudone G, Santoriello A, et al: Blood coagulation changes in patients with post-splenectomy persistent thrombocytosis. Chir Ital. 53:537–542. 2001.(In Italian). PubMed/NCBI
15	Jurasz P, Alonso-Escolano D and Radomski MW: Platelet - cancer interactions: mechanisms and pharmacology of tumour cell-induced platelet aggregation. Br J Pharmacol. 143:819–826. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
16	Morimoto K, Satoh-Yamaguchi K, Hamaguchi A, et al: Interaction of cancer cells with platelets mediated by Necl-5/poliovirus receptor enhances cancer cell metastasis to the lungs. Oncogene. 27:264–273. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar
17	Sierko E and Wojtukiewicz MZ: Platelets and angiogenesis in malignancy. Semin Thromb Hemost. 30:95–108. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
18	Bick RL: Cancer-associated thrombosis. New Engl J Med. 349:109–111. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
19	Oken MM, Creech RH, Tormey DC, et al: Toxicity and response criteria of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Am J Clin Oncol. 5:649–655. 1982. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
20	Sobin LH and Wittekind C: Rules for Classification. International Union Against Cancer (UICC) TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours. 6th edition. Wiley-Liss; New York, NY: pp. 99–103. 2002
21	Zeng SM, Murray JC, Widness JA, Strauss RG and Yankowitz J: Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the thrombopoietin-receptor gene, but not the thrombopoietin gene, with differences in platelet count. Am J Hematol. 77:12–21. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
22	Sawabata N, Maeda H, Yokota S, et al: Postoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with pathologic stage IA nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: subnormal levels as an indicator of favorable prognosis. Cancer. 101:803–809. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
23	Göğüş C, Baltaci S, Filiz E, Elhan A and Bedük Y: Significance of thrombocytosis for determining prognosis in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma. Urology. 63:447–450. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar
24	Ikeda M, Furukawa H, Imamura H, et al: Poor prognosis associated with thrombocytosis in patients with gastric cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 9:287–291. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
25	Hwang SG, Kim KM, Cheong JH, et al: Impact of pretreatment thrombocytosis on blood-borne metastasis and prognosis of gastric cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol. 38:562–567. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
26	Connor DE and Joseph JE: Cyclic thrombocytopenia associated with marked rebound thrombocytosis and fluctuating levels of endogenous thrombopoietin and reticulated platelets: A case report. Am J Hematol. 87:120–122. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar
27	Onal H, Adal E, Ersen A, Onal Z and Keskindemirci G: Miliaria rubra and thrombocytosis in pseudohypoaldosteronism: case report. Platelets. 23:645–647. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar
28	Li AJ and Karlan BY: Androgen mediation of thrombocytosis in epithelial ovarian cancer biology. Clin Cancer Res. 11:8015–8018. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
29	Chen SC, Chang HK, Lin YC, et al: Prognosis of breast cancer after supraclavicular lymph node metastasis: not a distant metastasis. Ann Surg Oncol. 13:1457–1465. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
30	Chen HC, Wang CY and Wang CS: Marked thrombocytosis during treatment with ceftazidime for pulmonary infection. Pharm World Sci. 30:70–72. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar
31	Nanavati A, Patel N and Burke J: Thrombocytosis and coronary occlusion. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 5:e18–e19. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
32	Roodman GD: Mechanisms of bone metastasis. New Engl J Med. 350:1655–1664. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI