Tetramethylpyrazine inhibits the proliferation of acute lymphocytic leukemia cell lines via decrease in GSK-3β

Wang,Xiao-Jing; Xu,You-Hua; Yang,Gui-Cun; Chen,Hong-Xia; Zhang,Ping

doi:10.3892/or.2015.3860

Tetramethylpyrazine inhibits the proliferation of acute lymphocytic leukemia cell lines via decrease in GSK-3β

Authors:
- Xiao-Jing Wang
- You-Hua Xu
- Gui-Cun Yang
- Hong-Xia Chen
- Ping Zhang
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Affiliations: Key Laboratory of Developmental Diseases in Childhood, Chongqing, P.R. China
Published online on: March 18, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.3860
Pages: 2368-2374

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Abstract

Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has been proven to be an anticancer agent in many studies. However, its effectiveness in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and its molecular mechanisms are still unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of TMP against Jurkat and SUP-B15 ALL cell lines and to investigate the possible detailed mechanism of action of TMP. A Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was employed to examine the proliferation of Jurkat and SUP-B15 cells. Flow cytometric analysis was conducted to detect the cell cycle distribution and apoptotic rate. The expression of total glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), cox-2, survivin, bcl-2 and p27 RNA and protein levels was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot assay, respectively. Additionally, western blot analysis was used to determine the whole-cell and nuclear protein levels of GSK-3β downstream transcription factors, NF-κB (p65) and c-myc. TMP inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat and SUP-B15 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 120 and 200 µg/ml, respectively at 48 h. TMP induced the apoptosis of Jurkat and SUP-B15 cells and synergistically blocked cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 phase. Cells treated with TMP exhibited significantly attenuated GSK-3β, NF-κB (p65) and c-myc expression, followed by downregulation of bcl-2, cox-2 and survivin and an upregulation of p27. The results showed that TMP induced apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest in Jurkat and SUP-B15 cells through the downregulation of GSK-3β, which may have further prevented the induced translocation of NF-κB and c-myc from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.

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