Open Access

Inflammatory signaling pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with inhibitors, natural products and metabolites (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Yujia Zheng
    • Xiaolu Zhang
    • Ruifeng Zhang
    • Ziyu Wang
    • Jiali Gan
    • Qing Gao
    • Lin Yang
    • Pengjuan Xu
    • Xijuan Jiang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: October 4, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2023.5314
  • Article Number: 111
  • Copyright: © Zheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The intricate nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis poses a persistent obstacle to drug development. In recent times, neuroinflammation has emerged as a crucial pathogenic mechanism of AD, and the targeting of inflammation has become a viable approach for the prevention and management of AD. The present study conducted a comprehensive review of the literature between October 2012 and October 2022, identifying a total of 96 references, encompassing 91 distinct pharmaceuticals that have been investigated for their potential impact on AD by inhibiting neuroinflammation. Research has shown that pharmaceuticals have the potential to ameliorate AD by reducing neuroinflammation mainly through regulating inflammatory signaling pathways such as NF‑κB, MAPK, NLRP3, PPARs, STAT3, CREB, PI3K/Akt, Nrf2 and their respective signaling pathways. Among them, tanshinone IIA has been extensively studied for its anti‑inflammatory effects, which have shown significant pharmacological properties and can be applied clinically. Thus, it may hold promise as an effective drug for the treatment of AD. The present review elucidated the inflammatory signaling pathways of pharmaceuticals that have been investigated for their therapeutic efficacy in AD and elucidates their underlying mechanisms. This underscores the auspicious potential of pharmaceuticals in ameliorating AD by impeding neuroinflammation.
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November-2023
Volume 52 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Zheng Y, Zhang X, Zhang R, Wang Z, Gan J, Gao Q, Yang L, Xu P and Jiang X: Inflammatory signaling pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with inhibitors, natural products and metabolites (Review). Int J Mol Med 52: 111, 2023
APA
Zheng, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, R., Wang, Z., Gan, J., Gao, Q. ... Jiang, X. (2023). Inflammatory signaling pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with inhibitors, natural products and metabolites (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 52, 111. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2023.5314
MLA
Zheng, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, R., Wang, Z., Gan, J., Gao, Q., Yang, L., Xu, P., Jiang, X."Inflammatory signaling pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with inhibitors, natural products and metabolites (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 52.5 (2023): 111.
Chicago
Zheng, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, R., Wang, Z., Gan, J., Gao, Q., Yang, L., Xu, P., Jiang, X."Inflammatory signaling pathways in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with inhibitors, natural products and metabolites (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 52, no. 5 (2023): 111. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2023.5314