Combination of radiotherapy and flap reconstruction for cancer treatments (Review)
- Authors:
- Haonan Xu
- Yuwen Liang
- Wenqiang Tang
- Xiaobo Du
-
Affiliations: Department of Oncology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China - Published online on: March 7, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2024.2732
- Article Number: 34
-
Copyright: © Xu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
This article is mentioned in:
Abstract
|
He M, Wang Y, Li D, Zhang M, Wang T, Zhi F, Ji X and Ding D: Recent applications of phase-change materials in tumor therapy and theranostics. Biomater Adv. 147(213309)2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Patel SA and Chang EI: Principles and practice of reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancer. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 24:473–489. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Mehanna H, Wong WL, Mcconkey CC, Rahman JK, Robinson M, Hartley AG, Nutting C, Powell N, Al-Booz H, Robinson M, et al: PET-CT surveillance versus neck dissection in advanced head and neck cancer. N Engl J Med. 374:1444–1454. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Xu Y and He X: Recent advances in flap surgery. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 32:781–785. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In Chinese). | |
|
Liu SY and Yan DG: Current situation and prospect of defect repair after head and neck tumor resection. Chin J Otorhinolaryngol-Skull Base Surg. 26:231–234. 2020.(In Chinese). | |
|
Tang Q, Pang SF, Chen G, Su AY, Liu XX and Li ZM: Flap repair of radiation ulcer. Chin J Microsurgery. 2:67–69. 2003.(In Chinese). | |
|
Yu D, Su W, Wu L, Yu W, Cao S, Cai W and Zhao T: Application of free-style perforator flap for soft tissue defect of knee. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 33:1424–1428. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In Chinese). | |
|
Halyard MY, McCombs KE, Wong WW, Buchel EW, Pockaj BA, Vora SA, Gray RJ and Schild SE: Acute and chronic results of adjuvant radiotherapy after mastectomy and Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous (TRAM) flap reconstruction for breast cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 27:389–394. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Zinzindohoué C, Bertrand P, Michel A, Monrigal E, Miramand B, Sterckers N, Faure C, Charitansky H, Gutowski M, Cohen M, et al: A prospective study on skin-sparing mastectomy for immediate breast reconstruction with Latissimus Dorsi flap after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in invasive breast carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol. 23:2350–2356. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Chatterjee JS, Lee A, Anderson W, Baker L, Stevenson JH, Dewar JA and Thompson AM: Effect of postoperative radiotherapy on autologous deep inferior epigastric perforator flap volume after immediate breast reconstruction. Br J Surg. 96:1135–1140. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
de Runz A, Boccara D, Bekara F, Chaouat M and Mimoun M: Outcome of 122 delayed breast reconstruction following post-mastectomy radiotherapy: The scarless latissimus dorsi flap with tissue expansion technique. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 62:23–30. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
O'Connell RL, Di Micco R, Khabra K, Kirby AM, Harris PA, James SE, Power K, Ramsey KWD and Rusby JE: Comparison of immediate versus delayed DIEP flap reconstruction in women who require postmastectomy radiotherapy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 142:594–605. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Lundberg J, Thorarinsson A, Karlsson P, Ringberg A, Frisell J, Hatschek T, Källström AC and Elander A: When is the deep inferior epigastric artery flap indicated for breast reconstruction in patients not treated with radiotherapy? Ann Plast Surg. 73:105–113. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Pont LP, Marcelli S, Robustillo M, Song D, Grandes D, Martin M, Iglesias I, Aso J, Laloumet I and Díaz AJ: Immediate breast reconstruction with abdominal free flap and adjuvant radiotherapy: Evaluation of quality of life and outcomes. Plast Reconstr Surg. 140:681–690. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Mandlik D, Gupta K, Patel D, Patel P, Toprani R and Patel K: Use of polymethyl methacrylate-based cement for cosmetic correction of donor-site defect following transposition of temporalis myofascial flap and evaluation of results after adjuvant radiotherapy. J Reconstr Microsurg. 31:668–673. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Winter SC, Cassell O, Corbridge RJ, Goodacre T and Cox GJ: Quality of life following resection, free flap reconstruction and postoperative external beam radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the base of tongue. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 29:274–278. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Gendreau-Lefèvre AK, Audet N, Maltais S and Thuot F: Prophylactic pectoralis major muscle flap in prevention of pharyngocutaneous fistula in total laryngectomy after radiotherapy. Head Neck. 37:1233–1238. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Tai HC, Hsieh CH, Chao KS, Liu SH, Leu YS, Chang YF, Hsiao HT, Chang YC, Huang DY and Chen YJ: Comparison of radiotherapy strategies for locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer after resection and ileocolic flap reconstruction. Acta Otolaryngol. 129:311–317. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Van Haverbeke C, Lawson G and Remacle M: Re-use of pectoralis major myocutaneous flap for the treatment of recurrent hypopharyngeal stenosis following total laryngectomy and postoperative radiotherapy: A case report. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 263:661–663. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Airoldi M, Garzaro M, Raimondo L, Pecorari G, Giordano C, Varetto A, Caldera P and Torta R: Functional and psychological evaluation after flap reconstruction plus radiotherapy in oral cancer. Head Neck. 33:458–468. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Higgins KM, Erovic BM, Ravi A, Yeung R, Lee JW, Yao C and Enepekides DJ: Volumetric changes of the anterolateral thigh free flap following adjuvant radiotherapy in total parotidectomy reconstruction. Laryngoscope. 122:767–772. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Haymerle G, Enzenhofer E, Lechner W, Stock M, Schratter-Sehn A, Vyskocil E, Bachtiary B, Selzer E and Erovic BM: The effect of adjuvant radiotherapy on radial forearm free flap volume after soft palate reconstruction in 13 patients. Clin Otolaryngol. 43:742–745. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Momeni A, Kim RY, Kattan A, Tennefoss J, Lee TH and Lee GK: The effect of preoperative radiotherapy on complication rate after microsurgical head and neck reconstruction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 64:1454–1459. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Krijgh DD and Mureau MA: Reconstructive options in patients with late complications after surgery and radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: Remember the deltopectoral flap. Ann Plast Surg. 71:181–185. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Rostetter C, Kuster IM, Schenkel JS, Lanzer M, Gander T and Kruse AL: The effects of preoperative radiotherapy on head and neck free flap anastomosis success. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 74:2521–2525. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Song D, Li Z, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Peng X, Zhou B, Lü C, Yang L and Peng W: Clinical application of pedicled thoracoacromial artery perforator flap for pharyngocutaneous fistula repair after radiotherapy and salvage total laryngectomy. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 30:1249–1252. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar : (In Chinese). | |
|
Halle M, Eriksson BO, Skogh AC, Sommar P, Hammarstedt L and Gahm C: Improved head and neck free flap outcome-effects of a treatment protocol adjustment from pre- to postoperative radiotherapy. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 5(e1253)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Sánchez-García A, Moreno MÁ, Salmerón-González E, García-Vilariño E and Valverde-Navarro AA: Inguinal reconstruction using pedicled rectus abdominis flap: A useful option for the application of radiotherapy. Plast Surg Nurs. 39:41–43. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Zhao D, Ma X, Li J, Zhang L and Zhu B: Expanded flap to repair facial scar left by radiotherapy of hemangioma. Cell Biochem Biophys. 70:157–160. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Song M, Chen WK, Zhang Q, Chen SW, Zhuang SM and Yang AK: Irradiation of the recipient site does not adversely affect successful free flap transfer in the repair of head and neck defects after salvage surgery for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma originally treated with radiotherapy. J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 47:40–45. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Kaltoft B, Kruse A, Jensen LT and Elberg JJ: Reconstruction of the cervical spine with two osteocutaneous fibular flap after radiotherapy and resection of osteoclastoma: A case report. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 65:1262–1264. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Watson JS: Experimental microvascular anastomoses in radiated vessels: A study of the patency rate and the histopathology of healing. Plast Reconstr Surg. 63:525–533. 1979.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Sugihara T, Hattori Y, Yamamoto Y, Qi F, Ichikawa R, Sato A, Liu MY, Abe K and Kanno M: Preferential impairment of nitric oxide-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxation in human cervical arteries after irradiation. Circulation. 100:635–641. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Alberdas JL, Shibahara T and Noma H: Histopathologic damage to vessels in head and neck microsurgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 61:191–196. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Qi F, Sugihara T, Hattori Y, Yamamoto Y, Kanno M and Abe K: Functional and morphological damage of endothelium in rabbit ear artery following irradiation with cobalt60. Br J Pharmacol. 123:653–660. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Mijiti A, Kuerbantayi N, Zhang ZQ, Su MY, Zhang XH and Huojia M: Influence of preoperative radiotherapy on head and neck free-flap reconstruction: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Head Neck. 42:2165–2180. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Yamazaki M, Suzuki T, Hiraga C, Yoshida Y, Baba A, Saitou H, Ogane S, Fujii T, Takano M, Katakura A, et al: Effect of postoperative radiotherapy for free flap volume changing after tongue reconstruction. Oral Radiol. 37:518–523. 2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Gao N, Fu K, Cai J, Chen H and He W: The role of folded fibular flap in patients' reconstruction of mandibular defects: A retrospective clinical study. Sci Rep. 11(23853)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Ma H, Shi C, Jin S, Sheng S, Zhang M, Li R, Zhang X, Zhang Z and He Y: Fibular flap mandibular reconstruction for third-stage medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A retrospective single-center study. J Dent Sci. 18:976–984. 2023.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Bourget A, Chang JTC, Wu DB, Chang CJ and Wei FC: Free flap reconstruction in the head and neck region following radiotherapy: A cohort study identifying negative outcome predictors. Plast Reconstr Surg. 127:1901–1908. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Carbiner R, Jerjes W, Shakib K, Giannoudis PV and Hopper C: Analysis of the compatibility of dental implant systems in fibula free flap reconstruction. Head Neck Oncol. 21(37)2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Choi N, Cho JK, Jang JY, Cho JK, Cho YS and Baek CH: Scapular tip free flap for head and neck reconstruction. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 8:422–429. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Swiecicki PL, Malloy KM and Worden FP: Advanced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Pathogenesis, treatment, and novel therapeutic approaches. World J Clin Oncol. 10:15–26. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Klug C, Berzaczy D, Reinbacher H, Voracek M, Rath T, Millesi W and Ewers R: Influence of previous radiotherapy on free tissue transfer in the head and neck region: Evaluation of 455 cases. Laryngoscope. 116:1162–1167. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Herle P, Shukla L, Morrison WA and Shayan R: Preoperative radiation and free flap outcomes for head and neck reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ANZ J Surg. 85:121–127. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Johnson JT, Wagner RL, Schuller DE, Gluckman J, Suen JY and Snyderman NL: Prophylactic antibiotics for head and neck surgery with flap reconstruction. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 118:488–490. 1992.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Benatar MJ, Dassonville O, Chamorey E, Poissonnet G, Ettaiche M, Pierre CS, Benezery K, Hechema R, Demard F, Santini J and Bozec A: Impact of preoperative radiotherapy on head and neck free flap reconstruction: A report on 429 cases. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 66:478–482. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Schultze-Mosgau S, Grabenbauer GG, Radespiel-Troger M, Wiltfang J, Ries J, Neukam FW and Rödel F: Vascularization in the transition area between free grafted soft tissues and pre-irradiated graft bed tissues following preoperative radiotherapy in the head and neck region. Head Neck. 24:42–51. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Bengtson BP, Schusterman MA, Baldwin BJ, Miller MJ, Reece GP, Kroll SS, Robb GL and Goepfert H: Influence of prior radiotherapy on the development of postoperative complications and success of free tissue transfers in head and neck cancer reconstruction. Am J Surg. 166:326–330. 1993.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Halle M, Bodin I, Tornvall P, Wickman M, Farnebo F and Arnander C: Timing of radiotherapy in head and neck free flap reconstruction-a study of postoperative complications. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 62:889–895. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Hohlweg-Majert B, Ristow O, Gust K, Kehl V, Wolff KD and Pigorsch S: Impact of radiotherapy on microsurgical reconstruction of the head and neck. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 138:1799–1811. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Haykal S, White CP and Guay NA: An estimation of volume loss after radiation therapy on free flap breast reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 131:937e–939e. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Cho KJ, Joo YH, Sun DI and Kim MS: Perioperative clinical factors affecting volume changes of reconstructed flaps in head and neck cancer patients: Free versus regional flaps. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 268:1061–1065. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Tarsitano A, Battaglia S, Cipriani R and Marchetti C: Microvascular reconstruction of the tongue using a free anterolateral thigh flap: Three-dimensional evaluation of volume loss after radiotherapy. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 44:1287–1291. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Bittermann G, Thönissen P, Poxleitner P, Zimmerer R, Vach K and Metzger MC: Microvascular transplants in head and neck reconstruction: 3D evaluation of volume loss. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 43:1319–1324. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Largo RD and Garvey PB: Updates in head and neck reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 141:271e–285e. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Gottsauner M, Fehrer C, Spoerl S, Schuderer J, Zeman F, Fiedler M, Maurer M, Reichert TE and Ettl T: Influence of radiotherapy on ossification of vascularized osseous reconstruction of the jaw: A radiological retrospective cohort study based on panoramic radiographs. J Clin Med. 11(5041)2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Oiz B: Breast reconstruction and psychological benefit. An Sist Sanit Navar. 28 (Suppl 2):S19–S26. 2005.PubMed/NCBI(In Spanish). | |
|
Malata CM, McIntosh SA and Purushotham AD: Immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy for cancer. Br J Surg. 87:1455–1472. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Edlich RF, Winters KL, Faulkner BC, Bill TJ and Lin KY: Advances in breast reconstruction after mastectomy. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 15:197–207. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Jiang HC and Miao X: Advances in breast reconstruction following breast cancer surgery. Chin J Bases Clinics Gen Surg. 17:1221–1224. 2010.(In Chinese). | |
|
Kaya B and Serel S: Breast reconstruction. Exp Oncol. 35:280–286. 2013.PubMed/NCBI | |
|
Jeong W, Lee S and Kim J: Meta-analysis of flap perfusion and donor site complications for breast reconstruction using pedicled versus free TRAM and DIEP flaps. Breast. 38:45–51. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Huang G, Zhou G and Li S: Immediate breast reconstruction with TRAM flap after radical mastectomy Chin J Clin Oncol. Rehabilitation. 27:319–322. 2020. | |
|
Cai A, Suckau J, Arkudas A, Beier JP, Momeni A and Horch RE: Autologous breast reconstruction with Transverse Rectus Abdominis Musculocutaneous (TRAM) or deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator (DIEP) Flaps: An analysis of the 100 most cited articles. Med Sci Monit. 12:3520–3536. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Veronesi U, Cascinelli N, Mariani L, Greco M, Saccozzi R, Luini A, Aguilar M and Marubini E: Twenty-year follow-up of a randomized study comparing breast-conserving surgery with radical mastectomy for early breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 347:1227–1232. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Van Maaren MC, le Cessie S, Strobbe LJA, Groothuis-Oudshoorn CGM, Poortmans PMP and Siesling S: Different statistical techniques dealing with confounding in observational research: Measuring the effect of breast-conserving therapy and mastectomy on survival. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 145:1485–1493. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Ho AY, Hu ZI, Mehrara BJ and Wilkins EG: Radiotherapy in the setting of breast reconstruction: Types, techniques, and timing. Lancet Oncol. 18:e742–e753. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Marks LB, Kaidar-Person O and Poortmans P: Regarding current recommendations for Postmastectomy radiation therapy in patients with one to three positive Axillary Lymph nodes. J Clin Oncol. 35:1256–1258. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Baumann DP, Crosby MA, Selber JC, Garvey PB, Sacks JM, Adelman DM, Villa MT, Feng L and Robb GL: Optimal timing of delayed free lower abdominal flap breast reconstruction after postmastectomy radiation therapy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 127:1100–1106. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Momoh AO, Colakoglu S, de Blacam C, Gautam S, Tobias AM and Lee BT: Delayed autologous breast reconstruction after postmastectomy radiation therapy: Is there an optimal time? Ann Plast Surg. 69:14–18. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Taghizadeh R, Moustaki M, Harris S, Roblin P and Farhadi J: Does post-mastectomy radiotherapy affect the outcome and prevalence of complications in immediate DIEP breast reconstruction? A prospective cohort study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 68:1379–1385. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Chang EI, Liu TS, Festekjian JH, Da Lio AL and Crisera CA: Effects of radiation therapy for breast cancer based on type of free flap reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg. 131:1e–8e. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Zugasti A and Hontanilla B: The impact of adjuvant radiotherapy on immediate implant-based breast reconstruction surgical and satisfaction outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 9(e3910)2021.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Rogers NE and Allen RJ: Radiation effects on breast reconstruction with the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. 109:1919–1924. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Teotia SS, Venutolo C and Haddock NT: Outcomes in patients receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy undergoing immediate breast reconstruction: Effect of timing, postoperative complications, and delay to radiation therapy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 144:732e–742e. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Brackstone M, Palma D, Tuck AB, Scott L, Potvin K, Vandenberg T, Perera F, D'Souza D, Taves D, Kornecki A, et al: Concurrent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy in locally advanced breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 99:769–776. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Thiruchelvam PTR, Leff DR, Godden AR, Cleator S, Wood SH, Kirby AM, Jallali N, Somaiah N, Hunter JE, Henry FP, et al: Primary radiotherapy and deep inferior epigastric perforator flap reconstruction for patients with breast cancer (PRADA): A multicentre, prospective, non-randomised, feasibility study. Lancet Oncol. 23:682–690. 2022.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar | |
|
Gerlach B, Audretsch W, Gogolin F, Königshausen T, Rohn R, Schmitt G, Dimmerling P, Gripp S and Hartmann KA: Remission rates in breast cancer treated with preoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Strahlenther Onkol. 179:306–311. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar |
