Open Access

Pediatric H3K27M‑mutant diffuse midline glioma with vertebral metastasis: A case report and literature review

  • Authors:
    • Xiaohui Ge
    • Yu Yang
    • Wenyan Wang
    • Lei Tian
    • Ge Zhang
    • Zhesen Tian
    • Xiaoying Xue
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: December 7, 2023     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14181
  • Article Number: 48
  • Copyright: © Ge et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

H3K27M‑mutant diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a type of high‑grade glial tumor, which occurs in the midline structure and develops mostly in children. Extraneural metastases (ENM) are exceedingly rare in patients with H3K27M‑mutant DMG. A 9‑year‑old male patient presented with a headache, nausea and vomiting. Following magnetic resonance imaging and immunohistochemical molecular testing examination, the patient was diagnosed with H3K27M‑mutant DMG and received chemoradiotherapy plus five cycles of chemotherapy with temozolomide intermittently as an adjuvant therapy. The treatment resulted in a slight reduction of the tumor volume. However, 2 months later, the patient was admitted to hospital with complaints of drooping of the mouth, and waist and back pain. Magnetic resonance imaging and positron‑emission tomography‑computed tomography revealed an unusual presentation with multiple vertebral metastases and craniospinal leptomeningeal dissemination. Following discussion between the members of a multidisciplinary medical team, the patient underwent one cycle of chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and cisplatin. However, the condition did not improve and the patient died 4 weeks after the diagnosis of ENM. The mechanisms underlying the development of these rare metastases remain unclear. The present case report provides insights into the clinical characteristics and potential metastasis mechanisms of this aggressive disease and may help to elucidate new pathways for the management of ENM.
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February-2024
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Ge X, Yang Y, Wang W, Tian L, Zhang G, Tian Z and Xue X: Pediatric H3K27M‑mutant diffuse midline glioma with vertebral metastasis: A case report and literature review. Oncol Lett 27: 48, 2024
APA
Ge, X., Yang, Y., Wang, W., Tian, L., Zhang, G., Tian, Z., & Xue, X. (2024). Pediatric H3K27M‑mutant diffuse midline glioma with vertebral metastasis: A case report and literature review. Oncology Letters, 27, 48. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14181
MLA
Ge, X., Yang, Y., Wang, W., Tian, L., Zhang, G., Tian, Z., Xue, X."Pediatric H3K27M‑mutant diffuse midline glioma with vertebral metastasis: A case report and literature review". Oncology Letters 27.2 (2024): 48.
Chicago
Ge, X., Yang, Y., Wang, W., Tian, L., Zhang, G., Tian, Z., Xue, X."Pediatric H3K27M‑mutant diffuse midline glioma with vertebral metastasis: A case report and literature review". Oncology Letters 27, no. 2 (2024): 48. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2023.14181