Prognostic role of primary tumor size in Wilms tumor

Li,Kai; Zhang,Ke; Yuan,Hexing; Fan,Caibin

doi:10.3892/ol.2024.14297

Prognostic role of primary tumor size in Wilms tumor

Authors:
- Kai Li
- Ke Zhang
- Hexing Yuan
- Caibin Fan
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Affiliations: Department of Urology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China, Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
Published online on: February 19, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14297
Article Number: 164
Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common childhood malignant kidney tumor. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of primary tumor size on the survival of patients with WT. The data of 1,523 patients diagnosed with WT between 2000 and 2017 were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to determine the optimal cut‑off value of primary tumor size. Overall survival (OS) and cancer‑specific survival (CSS) were analyzed using the Kaplan‑Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The optimal cut‑off value for primary tumor size was found to be 11.15 cm. No significant difference in the distribution of tumor size was detected between male and female patients. However, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were significantly more frequent in patients whose tumor was ≥11.15 cm in size compared with those with smaller tumors. In addition, patients with larger tumors exhibited significantly worse OS and CSS rates compared with those with smaller tumors. Furthermore, primary tumor size was identified as an independent prognostic factor for OS and CSS in the multivariate analyses. In summary, the present study indicates that primary tumor size is an independent prognostic factor for patients with WT, and tumors ≥11.15 cm are associated with worse OS and CSS.

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