Beneficial effects of protease preparations derived from Aspergillus on the colonic luminal environment in rats consuming a high-fat diet

Yang,Yongshou; Sitanggang,Novita  Vivi; Kato,Norihisa; Inoue,Junji; Murakami,Takayuki; Watanabe,Toshiro; Iguchi,Takafumi; Okazaki,Yukako

doi:10.3892/br.2015.490

Beneficial effects of protease preparations derived from Aspergillus on the colonic luminal environment in rats consuming a high-fat diet

Authors:
- Yongshou Yang
- Novita Vivi Sitanggang
- Norihisa Kato
- Junji Inoue
- Takayuki Murakami
- Toshiro Watanabe
- Takafumi Iguchi
- Yukako Okazaki
View Affiliations

Affiliations: Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi‑Hiroshima 739‑8528, Japan, Ahjikan Co., Ltd., Hiroshima 733‑8677, Japan, Technology Development Laboratory, Yaegaki Bio‑Industry Incorporated, Himeji 679‑4298, Japan, Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Fuji Women's University, Ishikari, Hokkaido 061‑3204, Japan
Published online on: July 15, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2015.490
Pages: 715-720

Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )

Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of the dietary addition of the protease preparations derived from Aspergillus on the colonic luminal environment. Rats were fed a 30% beef tallow diet with or without the protease preparations, including Amano protease (protease A ‘Amano SD’, neutral proteases from Aspergillus spp.) or orientase (orientase AY, acid proteases from Aspergillus niger) at the dose of 0.2% for 3 weeks. Cecal Bifidobacterium was significantly elevated in the dietary Amano protease group (194‑fold, P<0.05), but not in the orientase group. Lactobacillus was elevated in the two groups (P<0.05). Cecal n‑butyrate, propionate and lactate were higher in the Amano protease and orientase groups compared with the controls (P<0.05). Fecal immunoglobulin A and mucins were elevated in the Amano protease group (P<0.05). These results suggest the potential effect of the consumption of Aspergillus‑derived protease preparations that are favorable for the colonic luminal environment in rats fed a high-fat diet.

View Figures

View References

1	de Vrese M and Schrezenmeir J: Probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 111:1–66. 2008.PubMed/NCBI
2	Ziegler TR, Evans ME, Fernández-Estívariz C and Jones DP: Trophic and cytoprotective nutrition for intestinal adaptation, mucosal repair, and barrier function. Annu Rev Nutr. 23:229–261. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
3	Shimotoyodome A, Meguro S, Hase T, Tokimitsu I and Sakata T: Short chain fatty acids but not lactate or succinate stimulate mucus release in the rat colon. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 125:525–531. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
4	Park JH, Um JI, Lee BJ, Goh JS, Park SY, Kim WS and Kim PH: Encapsulated Bifidobacterium bifidum potentiates intestinal IgA production. Cell Immunol. 219:22–27. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
5	Li D, Kim JM, Jin Z and Zhou J: Prebiotic effectiveness of inulin extracted from edible burdock. Anaerobe. 14:29–34. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
6	Reddy BS: Dietary fat and its relationship to large bowel cancer. Cancer Res. 41:3700–3705. 1981.PubMed/NCBI
7	Okazaki Y, Sitanggang NV, Sato S, Ohnishi N, Inoue J, Iguchi T, Watanabe T, Tomotake H, Harada K and Kato N: Burdock fermented by Aspergillus awamori elevates cecal Bifidobacterium, and reduces fecal deoxycholic acid and adipose tissue weight in rats fed a high-fat diet. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 77:53–57. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
8	Parnell JA and Reimer RA: Prebiotic fibres dose-dependently increase satiety hormones and alter Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in lean and obese JCR:LA-cp rats. Br J Nutr. 107:601–613. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
9	Delroisse JM, Boulvin AL, Parmentier I, Dauphin RD, Vandenbol M and Portetelle D: Quantification of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. in rat fecal samples by real-time PCR. Microbiol Res. 163:663–670. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
10	Matsuki T, Watanabe K, Fujimoto J, Takada T and Tanaka R: Use of 16S rRNA gene-targeted group-specific primers for real-time PCR analysis of predominant bacteriain human feces. Appl Environ Microbiol. 70:7220–7228. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
11	Sonoyama K, Ogasawara T, Goto H, Yoshida T, Takemura N, Fujiwara R, Watanabe J, Ito H, Morita T, Tokunaga Y, et al: Comparison of gut microbiota and allergic reactions in BALB/c mice fed different cultivars of rice. Br J Nutr. 103:218–226. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
12	Bartosch S, Fite A, Macfarlane GT and McMurdo MET: Characterization of bacterial communities in feces from healthy elderly volunteers and hospitalized elderly patients by using real-time PCR and effects of antibiotic treatment on the fecal microbiota. Appl Environ Microbiol. 70:3575–3581. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
13	Ahmed S, Macfarlane GT, Fite A, McBain AJ, Gilbert P and Macfarlane S: Mucosa-associated bacterial diversity in relation to human terminal ileum and colonic biopsy samples. Appl Environ Microbiol. 73:7435–7442. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
14	Okazaki Y, Tomotake H, Tsujimoto K, Sasaki M and Kato N: Consumption of a resistant protein, sericin, elevates fecal immunoglobulin A, mucins and cecal organic acids in rats fed a high-fat diet. J Nutr. 141:1975–1981. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
15	Lin HC and Visek WJ: Large intestinal pH and ammonia in rats: Dietary fat and protein interactions. J Nutr. 121:832–843. 1991.PubMed/NCBI
16	Bovee-Oudenhoven IM, Termont DS, Heidt PJ and Van der Meer R: Increasing the intestinal resistance of rats to the invasive pathogen Salmonella enteritidis: Additive effects of dietary lactulose and calcium. Gut. 40:497–504. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
17	Crowther RS and Wetmore RF: Fluorometric assay of O-linked glycoproteins by reaction with 2-cyanoacetamide. Anal Biochem. 163:170–174. 1987. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
18	Dharmani P, Strauss J, Ambrose C, Allen-Vercoe E and Chadee K: Fusobacterium nucleatum infection of colonic cells stimulates MUC2 mucin and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Infect Immun. 79:2597–2607. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
19	Brownawell AM, Caers W, Gibson GR, Kendall CWC, Lewis KD, Ringel Y and Slavin JL: Prebiotics and the health benefits of fiber: Current regulatory status, future research and goals. J Nutr. 142:962–974. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
20	Hoshi S, Sakata T, Mikuni K, Hashimoto H and Kimura S: Galactosylsucrose and xylosylfructoside alter digestive tract size and concentrations of cecal organic acids in rats fed diets containing cholesterol and cholic acid. J Nutr. 124:52–60. 1994.PubMed/NCBI
21	Wu WT and Chen HL: Effects of konjac glucomannan on putative risk factors for colon carcinogenesis in rats fed a high-fat diet. J Agric Food Chem. 59:989–994. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
22	Topping DL and Clifton PM: Short-chain fatty acids and human colonic function: Roles of resistant starch and nonstarch polysaccharides. Physiol Rev. 81:1031–1064. 2001.PubMed/NCBI
23	Scheppach W: Effects of short chain fatty acids on gut morphology and function. Gut. 35(Suppl 1): S35–S38. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
24	Tang Y, Chen Y, Jiang H, Robbins GT and Nie D: G-protein-coupled receptor for short-chain fatty acids suppresses colon cancer. Int J Cancer. 128:847–856. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
25	Han KH, Azuma S and Fukushima M: In vitro fermentation of spent turmeric powder with a mixed culture of pig faecal bacteria. Food Funct. 5:2446–2452. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
26	Kondo S, Xiao JZ, Satoh T, Odamaki T, Takahashi S, Sugahara H, Yaeshima T, Iwatsuki K, Kamei A and Abe K: Antiobesity effects of Bifidobacterium breve strain B-3 supplementation in a mouse model with high-fat diet-induced obesity. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 74:1656–1661. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
27	Velcich A, Yang W, Heyer J, Fragale A, Nicholas C, Viani S, Kucherlapati R, Lipkin M, Yang K and Augenlicht L: Colorectal cancer in mice genetically deficient in the mucin Muc2. Science. 295:1726–1729. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
28	Ito H, Tanabe H, Kawagishi H, Tadashi W, Yasuhiko T, Sugiyama K, Kiriyama S and Morita T: Short-chain inulin-like fructans reduce endotoxin and bacterial translocations and attenuate development of TNBS-induced colitis in rats. Dig Dis Sci. 54:2100–2108. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
29	Van den Abbeele P, Gérard P, Rabot S, Bruneau A, El Aidy S, Derrien M, Kleerebezem M, Zoetendal EG, Smidt H, Verstraete W, et al: Arabinoxylans and inulin differentially modulate the mucosal and luminal gut microbiota and mucin-degradation in humanized rats. Environ Microbiol. 13:2667–2680. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
30	Barcelo A, Claustre J, Moro F, Chayvialle JA, Cuber JC and Plaisancié P: Mucin secretion is modulated by luminal factors in the isolated vascularly perfused rat colon. Gut. 46:218–224. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
31	Mitsuoka T: Development of functional foods. Biosci Microbiota Food Health. 33:117–128. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI