Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Biomedical Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9434 Online ISSN: 2049-9442
Journal Cover
April-2020 Volume 12 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2020 Volume 12 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and their association with antituberculosis drug‑induced liver injury

  • Authors:
    • Noppadol Chanhom
    • Wanvisa Udomsinprasert
    • Usa Chaikledkaew
    • Surakameth Mahasirimongkol
    • Sukanya Wattanapokayakit
    • Jiraphun Jittikoon
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand, Genomic Medicine Centre, Division of Genomic Medicine and Innovation Support, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
    Copyright: © Chanhom et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 153-162
    |
    Published online on: February 10, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2020.1275
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Antituberculosis (anti‑TB) drugs are the most common cause of drug‑induced liver injury (DILI). There are numerous studies revealing the associations between the polymorphisms of pharmacogenes and the risk of anti‑TB DILI (ATDILI). In the present study, relevant studies regarding the pharmacogenes associated with ATDILI were systematically searched in PubMed and Scopus. A total of 24 genes associated with ATDILI were reported on and the top five reported genes in terms of frequency were revealed to be N‑acetyltransferase 2, cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1, glutathione S‑transferases [glutathione S‑transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S‑transferase theta 1 (GSTT1)] and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1. As ATDILI may be the result of direct and indirect interactions, the encoded proteins were further analysed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) to observe the protein‑protein interactions and the associations amongst these proteins. The results suggested that only GSTT1 and GSTM1 were central proteins associated with all the other analysed proteins. Therefore, the association between GSTT1 or GSTM1 and the risk of developing ATDILI were further analysed. The results revealed that a GSTM1 deletion genotype was significantly associated with risk of ATDILI [odds ratio (OR), 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08‑1.51; P=0.004], whereas the GSTT1 deletion genotype and GSTM1/GSTT1 dual‑deletion genotype were not significantly associated with risk of ATDILI. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity was performed and the results demonstrated a significant association between GSTM1 and ATDILI in South Asian individuals (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.12‑1.95; P=0.005), which has not been reported previously, to the best of our knowledge. In conclusion, GSTM1 was associated with ATDILI in South Asian individuals.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Tostmann A, Boeree MJ, Aarnoutse RE, de Lange WC, van der Ven AJ and Dekhuijzen R: Antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: Concise up-to-date review. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 23:192–202. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Ramappa V and Aithal GP: Hepatotoxicity related to anti-tuberculosis drugs: Mechanisms and management. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 3:37–49. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Clare KE, Miller MH and Dillon JF: Genetic factors influencing drug-induced liver injury: Do they have a role in prevention and diagnosis? Curr Hepatol Rep. 16:258–264. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Bao Y, Ma X, Rasmussen TP and Zhong XB: Genetic variations associated with anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury. Curr Pharmacol Rep. 4:171–181. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Eaton DL and Bammler TK: Concise review of the glutathione S-transferases and their significance to toxicology. Toxicol Sci. 49:156–164. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Tang N, Deng R, Wang Y, Lin M, Li H, Qiu Y, Hong M and Zhou G: GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms and susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: A meta-analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 17:17–25. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Chatterjee S, Lyle N, Mandal A and Kundu S: GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene deletions are not associated with hepatotoxicity caused by antitubercular drugs. J Clin Pharm Ther. 35:465–470. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Gupta VH, Singh M, Amarapurkar DN, Sasi P, Joshi JM, Baijal R, H R PK, Amarapurkar AD, Joshi K and Wangikar PP: Association of GST null genotypes with anti-tuberculosis drug induced hepatotoxicity in western indian population. Ann Hepatol. 12:959–965. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Huang YS, Su WJ, Huang YH, Chen CY, Chang FY, Lin HC and Lee SD: Genetic polymorphisms of manganese superoxide dismutase, NAD(P)H: Quinone oxidoreductase, glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1, and the susceptibility to drug-induced liver injury. J Hepatol. 47:128–134. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Kim SH, Kim SH, Yoon HJ, Shin DH, Park SS, Kim YS, Park JS and Jee YK: GSTT1 and GSTM1 null mutations and adverse reactions induced by antituberculosis drugs in koreans. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 90:39–43. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Leiro V, Fernandez-Villar A, Valverde D, Constenla L, Vázquez R, Piñeiro L and González-Quintela A: Influence of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 homozygous null mutations on the risk of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in a Caucasian population. Liver Int. 28:835–839. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Liu F, Jiao AX, Wu XR, Zhao W, Yin QQ, Qi H, Jiao WW, Xiao J, Sun L, Shen C, et al: Impact of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 on anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in Chinese pediatric patients. PLoS One. 9(e115410)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Perwitasari DA, Darmawan E, Mulyani UA, Vlies PV, Alffenaar JC, Atthobar J and Wilffert B: Polymorphisms of NAT2, CYP2E1, GST, and HLA related to drug-induced liver injury in indonesian tuberculosis patients. Int J Mycobacteriology. 7:380–386. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Rana SV, Sharma SK, Ola RP, Kamboj JK, Malik A, Morya RK and Sinha SK: N-Acetyltransferase 2, cytochrome P4502E1 and glutathione S-transferase genotypes in antitubercular treatment-induced hepatotoxicity in North Indians. J Clin Pharm Ther. 39:91–96. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Roy B, Chowdhury A, Kundu S, Santra A, Dey B, Chakraborty M and Majumder PP: Increased risk of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in individuals with glutathione S-transferase M1 ‘null’ mutation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 16:1033–1037. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Sharma SK, Jha BK, Sharma A, Sreenivas V, Upadhyay V, Jaisinghani C, Singla R, Mishra HK and Soneja M: Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1 and GSTM1 loci and susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 18:588–593. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Singla N, Gupta D, Birbian N and Singh J: Association of NAT2, GST and CYP2E1 polymorphisms and anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 94:293–298. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Tang SW, Lv XZ, Zhang Y, Wu SS, Yang ZR, Xia YY, Tu DH, Deng PY, Ma Y, Chen DF and Zhan SY: CYP2E1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: A nested case-control study. J Clin Pharm Ther. 37:588–593. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Teixeira RL, Morato RG, Cabello PH, Muniz LM, Moreira Ada S, Kritski AL, Mello FC, Suffys PN, Miranda AB and Santos AR: Genetic polymorphisms of NAT2, CYP2E1 and GST enzymes and the occurrence of antituberculosis drug-induced hepatitis in Brazilian TB patients. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 106:716–724. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Wang T, Yu HT, Wang W, Pan YY, He LX and Wang ZY: Genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase associated with antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in Chinese tuberculosis patients. J Int Med Res. 38:977–986. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Xiang Y, Ma L, Wu W, Liu W, Li Y, Zhu X, Wang Q, Ma J, Cao M, Wang Q, et al: The incidence of liver injury in uyghur patients treated for TB in xinjiang uyghur autonomous region, China, and its association with hepatic enzyme polymorphisms NAT2, CYP2E1, GSTM1 and GSTT1. PLoS One. 9(e85905)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Cai Y, Yi J, Zhou C and Shen X: Pharmacogenetic study of drug-metabolising enzyme polymorphisms on the risk of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: A meta-analysis. PLoS One. 7(e47769)2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Li C, Long J, Hu X and Zhou Y: GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and risk of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: An updated meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 32:859–868. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Sun F, Chen Y, Xiang Y and Zhan S: Drug-metabolising enzyme polymorphisms and predisposition to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: A meta-analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 12:994–1002. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

25 

Cai L, Cai MH, Wang MY, Xu YF, Chen WZ, Qin SY, Wan CL and He L: Meta-analysis-based preliminary exploration of the connection between ATDILI and schizophrenia by GSTM1/T1 gene polymorphisms. PLoS One. 10(e0128643)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Szklarczyk D, Franceschini A, Wyder S, Forslund K, Heller D, Huerta-Cepas J, Simonovic M, Roth A, Santos A, Tsafou KP, et al: STRING v10: Protein-protein interaction networks, integrated over the tree of life. Nucleic Acids Res. 43:D447–D452. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Aslam S and Emmanuel P: Formulating a researchable question: A critical step for facilitating good clinical research. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS. 31:47–50. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Grewal A, Kataria H and Dhawan I: Literature search for research planning and identification of research problem. Indian J Anaesth. 60:635–639. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Wells G, Shea B, O'Connell D, Robertson J, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M and Tugwell P: The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute. 2019.

30 

Higgins JP and Thompson SG: Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med. 21:1539–1558. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ and Altman DG: Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 327:557–560. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

McGill MR and Jaeschke H: Biomarkers of drug-induced liver injury: Progress and utility in research, medicine, and regulation. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 18:797–807. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Saukkonen JJ, Cohn DL, Jasmer RM, Schenker S, Jereb JA, Nolan CM, Peloquin CA, Gordin FM, Nunes D, Strader DB, et al: An official ATS statement: Hepatotoxicity of antituberculosis therapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 174:935–952. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Kanehisa M and Goto S: KEGG: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 28:27–30. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Wang P, Pradhan K, Zhong XB and Ma X: Isoniazid metabolism and hepatotoxicity. Acta Pharm Sin B. 6:384–392. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Roy PD, Majumder M and Roy B: Pharmacogenomics of anti-TB drugs-related hepatotoxicity. Pharmacogenomics. 9:311–321. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Ioannidis JP, Trikalinos TA and Khoury MJ: Implications of small effect sizes of individual genetic variants on the design and interpretation of genetic association studies of complex diseases. Am J Epidemiol. 164:609–614. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Lucena MI, Andrade RJ, Martínez C, Ulzurrun E, García-Martín E, Borraz Y, Fernández MC, Romero-Gomez M, Castiella A, Planas R, et al: Glutathione S-transferase m1 and t1 null genotypes increase susceptibility to idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury. Hepatology. 48:588–596. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Ginsberg G, Smolenski S, Hattis D, Guyton KZ, Johns DO and Sonawane B: Genetic polymorphism in glutathione transferases (GST): Population distribution of GSTM1, T1, and P1 conjugating activity. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 12:389–439. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Chowdhury A, Santra A, Bhattacharjee K, Ghatak S, Saha DR and Dhali GK: Mitochondrial oxidative stress and permeability transition in isoniazid and rifampicin induced liver injury in mice. J Hepatol. 45:117–126. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Zhai Q, Lu SR, Lin Y, Yang QL and Yu B: Oxidative stress potentiated by diallylsulfide, a selective CYP2E1 inhibitor, in isoniazid toxic effect on rat primary hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett. 183:95–98. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chanhom N, Udomsinprasert W, Chaikledkaew U, Mahasirimongkol S, Wattanapokayakit S and Jittikoon J: GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and their association with antituberculosis drug‑induced liver injury. Biomed Rep 12: 153-162, 2020.
APA
Chanhom, N., Udomsinprasert, W., Chaikledkaew, U., Mahasirimongkol, S., Wattanapokayakit, S., & Jittikoon, J. (2020). GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and their association with antituberculosis drug‑induced liver injury. Biomedical Reports, 12, 153-162. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2020.1275
MLA
Chanhom, N., Udomsinprasert, W., Chaikledkaew, U., Mahasirimongkol, S., Wattanapokayakit, S., Jittikoon, J."GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and their association with antituberculosis drug‑induced liver injury". Biomedical Reports 12.4 (2020): 153-162.
Chicago
Chanhom, N., Udomsinprasert, W., Chaikledkaew, U., Mahasirimongkol, S., Wattanapokayakit, S., Jittikoon, J."GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and their association with antituberculosis drug‑induced liver injury". Biomedical Reports 12, no. 4 (2020): 153-162. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2020.1275
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chanhom N, Udomsinprasert W, Chaikledkaew U, Mahasirimongkol S, Wattanapokayakit S and Jittikoon J: GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and their association with antituberculosis drug‑induced liver injury. Biomed Rep 12: 153-162, 2020.
APA
Chanhom, N., Udomsinprasert, W., Chaikledkaew, U., Mahasirimongkol, S., Wattanapokayakit, S., & Jittikoon, J. (2020). GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and their association with antituberculosis drug‑induced liver injury. Biomedical Reports, 12, 153-162. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2020.1275
MLA
Chanhom, N., Udomsinprasert, W., Chaikledkaew, U., Mahasirimongkol, S., Wattanapokayakit, S., Jittikoon, J."GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and their association with antituberculosis drug‑induced liver injury". Biomedical Reports 12.4 (2020): 153-162.
Chicago
Chanhom, N., Udomsinprasert, W., Chaikledkaew, U., Mahasirimongkol, S., Wattanapokayakit, S., Jittikoon, J."GSTM1 and GSTT1 genetic polymorphisms and their association with antituberculosis drug‑induced liver injury". Biomedical Reports 12, no. 4 (2020): 153-162. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2020.1275
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team