The association between sleep deprivation and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic meta‑analysis

Pan,Yuan; Zhou,Yantao; Shi,Xianghua; He,Suifen; Lai,Weibo

doi:10.3892/br.2023.1660

The association between sleep deprivation and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic meta‑analysis

Authors:
- Yuan Pan
- Yantao Zhou
- Xianghua Shi
- Suifen He
- Weibo Lai
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Affiliations: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P.R. China, Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528010, P.R. China
Published online on: September 12, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1660
Article Number: 78
Copyright: © Pan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Globally, sleep deprivation is a concerning health issue associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The present study aimed to explore the association between short‑term sleep and the risk of CVDs, taking into consideration sex and age groups. A comprehensive review was conducted by assembling cohort studies that are available in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases. Individuals with ≤5 or ≤6 h of sleep per day were considered as sleep‑deprived subjects. To minimize potential bias, two reviewers thoroughly evaluated the selected articles. Relevant data were extracted, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) were calculated using a random‑effects model. In total, 18 cohort studies involving adult subjects were included in the present analysis. The pooled results strongly indicated that sleep deprivation was associated with a greater risk of CVDs [RR: 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02‑1.16, P=0.009]. However, when the pooled analysis was stratified by sex and age, the following results were observed: short‑term sleep women (RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.96‑1.17, P=0.27), short‑term sleep men (RR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.97‑1.17, P=0.17); ≥18 years‑old sleep‑deprived population (RR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.00‑1.17, P=0.04), ≥40 years‑old sleep‑deprived population (RR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.98‑1.22, P=0.11), and subjects with co‑existing diseases, such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia (RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 0.94‑1.20, P=0.32). In conclusion, short‑term sleep is associated with the increased risk of CVDs. Among subjects who were aged ≥18 years‑old, there was a strong association with the development of CVDs compared with those who were aged ≥40 years‑old. Furthermore, men were at a higher risk of CVDs than women. Adequate sleep (7‑8 h per day) may play a role in improving cardiac health. The results of the present study may provide valuable support for further research in public health, highlighting the correlation between sleep deprivation and the risk of CVDs.

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