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International Journal of Molecular Medicine
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Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
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April-2026 Volume 57 Issue 4

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Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

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An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

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Review Open Access

Signalling pathways regulated by FSTL1 in inflammation and potential therapeutic applications (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Changliang Ma
    • Jingxin Li
    • Wenting Jiang
    • Xiaoqiang Chen
    • Jianquan Liu
    • Xu Tao
    • Wencui Li
    • Zhiqin Deng
    • Zhe Zhao

  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Medical Innovation Technology Transformation Centre of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China, Operating Room, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Ma et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 86
    |
    Published online on: February 5, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2026.5757
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Abstract

Follistatin‑like protein 1 (FSTL1), a secreted glycoprotein, serves a key role in regulating various biological processes. The present review explores the molecular mechanisms through which FSTL1 influences inflammation, cellular senescence and tumour progression. As a multifunctional protein with both autocrine and paracrine properties, FSTL1 regulates cell survival, proliferation, differentiation and migration, while also modulating immune responses. Evidence indicates that FSTL1 exerts context‑dependent regulatory effects on pathological conditions by modulating signalling pathways, such as TGF‑β, NF‑κB and MAPK. Furthermore, increased FSTL1 expression has been found in the inflammatory synovial tissues of patients with osteoarthritis and it contributes to nucleus pulposus cell inflammation. In conclusion, the distinctive structural features and widespread expression of FSTL1 position it as a key target for understanding the mechanisms underlying inflammation, senescence and tumourigenesis, providing potential options for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for these conditions.

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Ma C, Li J, Jiang W, Chen X, Liu J, Tao X, Li W, Deng Z and Zhao Z: <p>Signalling pathways regulated by FSTL1 in inflammation and potential therapeutic applications (Review)</p>. Int J Mol Med 57: 86, 2026.
APA
Ma, C., Li, J., Jiang, W., Chen, X., Liu, J., Tao, X. ... Zhao, Z. (2026). <p>Signalling pathways regulated by FSTL1 in inflammation and potential therapeutic applications (Review)</p>. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 57, 86. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2026.5757
MLA
Ma, C., Li, J., Jiang, W., Chen, X., Liu, J., Tao, X., Li, W., Deng, Z., Zhao, Z."<p>Signalling pathways regulated by FSTL1 in inflammation and potential therapeutic applications (Review)</p>". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 57.4 (2026): 86.
Chicago
Ma, C., Li, J., Jiang, W., Chen, X., Liu, J., Tao, X., Li, W., Deng, Z., Zhao, Z."<p>Signalling pathways regulated by FSTL1 in inflammation and potential therapeutic applications (Review)</p>". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 57, no. 4 (2026): 86. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2026.5757
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Ma C, Li J, Jiang W, Chen X, Liu J, Tao X, Li W, Deng Z and Zhao Z: <p>Signalling pathways regulated by FSTL1 in inflammation and potential therapeutic applications (Review)</p>. Int J Mol Med 57: 86, 2026.
APA
Ma, C., Li, J., Jiang, W., Chen, X., Liu, J., Tao, X. ... Zhao, Z. (2026). <p>Signalling pathways regulated by FSTL1 in inflammation and potential therapeutic applications (Review)</p>. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 57, 86. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2026.5757
MLA
Ma, C., Li, J., Jiang, W., Chen, X., Liu, J., Tao, X., Li, W., Deng, Z., Zhao, Z."<p>Signalling pathways regulated by FSTL1 in inflammation and potential therapeutic applications (Review)</p>". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 57.4 (2026): 86.
Chicago
Ma, C., Li, J., Jiang, W., Chen, X., Liu, J., Tao, X., Li, W., Deng, Z., Zhao, Z."<p>Signalling pathways regulated by FSTL1 in inflammation and potential therapeutic applications (Review)</p>". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 57, no. 4 (2026): 86. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2026.5757
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