Multi‑target mechanisms of paeoniflorin in inflammatory regulation: A network pharmacology (Review)

Zhang,Jin; Ye,Junjie; Jin,Kun; Sun,Xuan; Yu,Xinyu; Zhao,Yuan; Zhu,Ni

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2026.6010

December-2026 Volume 58 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

December-2026 Volume 58 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Review Open Access

Multi‑target mechanisms of paeoniflorin in inflammatory regulation: A network pharmacology (Review)

Authors:
- Jin Zhang
- Junjie Ye
- Kun Jin
- Xuan Sun
- Xinyu Yu
- Yuan Zhao
- Ni Zhu
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: School of Stomatology and Ophthalmology, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China, Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental Risks and Related Diseases Precision Control, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China, School of Biomedical Engineering, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, P.R. China

Copyright: © Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
Article Number: 339
|
Published online on: October 9, 2026

https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2026.6010
Expand metrics +

Abstract

Paeoniflorin (PF), a monoterpene glycoside from Paeonia roots, shows low toxicity and broad anti‑inflammatory activity. A systematic review (PubMed, through 2025) with network pharmacology indicates that PF restores mitochondrial function, raises anti‑inflammatory mediators (IL‑10 and arginase‑1), reduces TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6, and eases oxidative stress. Its effects hinge on intertwined routes, dampening TLR4/MyD88, blocking NF‑κB nuclear entry, lowering MAPK phosphorylation, reshaping JAK‑STAT, and disrupting NLRP3 inflammasome assembly. Network mapping singles out a conserved core module (MAPK1, MAPK3, HSP90AA1, TP53, ESR1, BCL2, HIF1A, IL6, IL10 and FGF2), with HSP90AA1 and ESR1 as disease‑tailored effectors in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis (OA). PF absorbs fast and gathers in the liver with minimal toxicity, yet oral availability stays poor. Preclinical promise spans OA, colitis, and atherosclerosis, while clinical data remain thin. Synergistic pairing with other agents and structural refinement of PF broaden its reach, though such computational leads need experimental corroboration. Future efforts should improve its bioavailability, develop targeted delivery systems, and conduct rigorous clinical trials to move PF from tradition to evidence‑based medicine.

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Oncology

Molecular Medicine Reports

Oncology Reports

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Oncology Letters

Biomedical Reports

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

World Academy of Sciences Journal

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Epigenetics

Medicine International

Multi‑target mechanisms of paeoniflorin in inflammatory regulation: A network pharmacology (Review)

This article is mentioned in:

Abstract

Related Articles