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International Journal of Oncology
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Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
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November 2003 Volume 23 Issue 5

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Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

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Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

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November 2003 Volume 23 Issue 5

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Article

Black cohosh, a menopausal remedy, does not have estrogenic activity and does not promote breast cancer cell growth

  • Authors:
    • R. Lupu
    • I. Mehmi
    • E. Atlas
    • M.-S. Tsai
    • E. Pisha
    • H. A. Oketch-Rabah
    • P. Nuntanakorn
    • E. J. Kennelly
    • F. Kronenberg

  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Breast Cancer Translational Research, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Northwestern Medical School, Evanston, IL 60201, USA. r-lupu@northwestern.edu
  • Pages: 1407-1412
    |
    Published online on: November 1, 2003
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.23.5.1407
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Abstract

Black cohosh is an increasingly popular alternative to estrogen replacement therapy for the relief of menopausal symptoms, primarily hot flushes. However, an important consideration for long-term therapy is potential toxicity and carcinogenicity. Therefore, we undertook a study to assess the estrogenic activity of black cohosh to examine its safety for those with, or at high risk of developing, breast cancer. Several assays were utilized as listed: RNAse protection assays, which ascertain the regulation of the expression of E2-responsive genes; estrogen-responsive-element (ERE)-luciferase, which determines modulation of the ER function by transactivation of the ERE; the Ishikawa cell system, which has an E2-regulated endogenous alkaline phosphatase; and colony formation of ER-expressing breast cancer cells, which indicates possible progression of early stage breast cancer into a more aggressive state. Black cohosh extracts did not demonstrate estrogenic activity in any of these assay systems. This is an encouraging step in the assessment of the safety of black cohosh for treatment of menopausal hot flushes.

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Lupu R, Mehmi I, Atlas E, Tsai M, Pisha E, Oketch-Rabah HA, Nuntanakorn P, Kennelly EJ and Kronenberg F: Black cohosh, a menopausal remedy, does not have estrogenic activity and does not promote breast cancer cell growth. Int J Oncol 23: 1407-1412, 2003.
APA
Lupu, R., Mehmi, I., Atlas, E., Tsai, M., Pisha, E., Oketch-Rabah, H.A. ... Kronenberg, F. (2003). Black cohosh, a menopausal remedy, does not have estrogenic activity and does not promote breast cancer cell growth. International Journal of Oncology, 23, 1407-1412. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.23.5.1407
MLA
Lupu, R., Mehmi, I., Atlas, E., Tsai, M., Pisha, E., Oketch-Rabah, H. A., Nuntanakorn, P., Kennelly, E. J., Kronenberg, F."Black cohosh, a menopausal remedy, does not have estrogenic activity and does not promote breast cancer cell growth". International Journal of Oncology 23.5 (2003): 1407-1412.
Chicago
Lupu, R., Mehmi, I., Atlas, E., Tsai, M., Pisha, E., Oketch-Rabah, H. A., Nuntanakorn, P., Kennelly, E. J., Kronenberg, F."Black cohosh, a menopausal remedy, does not have estrogenic activity and does not promote breast cancer cell growth". International Journal of Oncology 23, no. 5 (2003): 1407-1412. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.23.5.1407
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Lupu R, Mehmi I, Atlas E, Tsai M, Pisha E, Oketch-Rabah HA, Nuntanakorn P, Kennelly EJ and Kronenberg F: Black cohosh, a menopausal remedy, does not have estrogenic activity and does not promote breast cancer cell growth. Int J Oncol 23: 1407-1412, 2003.
APA
Lupu, R., Mehmi, I., Atlas, E., Tsai, M., Pisha, E., Oketch-Rabah, H.A. ... Kronenberg, F. (2003). Black cohosh, a menopausal remedy, does not have estrogenic activity and does not promote breast cancer cell growth. International Journal of Oncology, 23, 1407-1412. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.23.5.1407
MLA
Lupu, R., Mehmi, I., Atlas, E., Tsai, M., Pisha, E., Oketch-Rabah, H. A., Nuntanakorn, P., Kennelly, E. J., Kronenberg, F."Black cohosh, a menopausal remedy, does not have estrogenic activity and does not promote breast cancer cell growth". International Journal of Oncology 23.5 (2003): 1407-1412.
Chicago
Lupu, R., Mehmi, I., Atlas, E., Tsai, M., Pisha, E., Oketch-Rabah, H. A., Nuntanakorn, P., Kennelly, E. J., Kronenberg, F."Black cohosh, a menopausal remedy, does not have estrogenic activity and does not promote breast cancer cell growth". International Journal of Oncology 23, no. 5 (2003): 1407-1412. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.23.5.1407
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