Understanding tobacco smoke carcinogen NNK and lung tumorigenesis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Gohar Akopyan
    • Benjamin Bonavida
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: October 1, 2006     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.29.4.745
  • Pages: 745-752
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Abstract

The deleterious effects of tumor-promoting tobacco carcinogen, nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK, nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone) have undoubtedly been stipulated. Though many tobacco agents play a part in the development of lung tumors, the potent effects of NNK remain unmatched. It is therefore critical to distinguish the variety of cofactors involved in NNK-mediated pathogenesis, and the unique pathways necessary for successful cellular biotransformation. Current reviews have consistently identified the strengths of NNK and prospective tumor capabilities. Others have delineated specific cellular factors mediating NNK and lung tumors, and have identified metabolic and signaling pathways largely responsible for NNK activation and tumorigenic initiation. Unique to this review is that it summarizes the extensive network of cofactors and cellular mechanisms that promote NNK-specific lung tumorigenesis. As such, it displays a fuller, more comprehensive overview, bringing us one step closer to understanding the fatal consequences of NNK, thus, discovering new avenues that successfully break the cycle of NNK-mediated lung carcinogenesis.

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October 2006
Volume 29 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1019-6439
Online ISSN:1791-2423

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Spandidos Publications style
Akopyan G and Bonavida B: Understanding tobacco smoke carcinogen NNK and lung tumorigenesis (Review). Int J Oncol 29: 745-752, 2006.
APA
Akopyan, G., & Bonavida, B. (2006). Understanding tobacco smoke carcinogen NNK and lung tumorigenesis (Review). International Journal of Oncology, 29, 745-752. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.29.4.745
MLA
Akopyan, G., Bonavida, B."Understanding tobacco smoke carcinogen NNK and lung tumorigenesis (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 29.4 (2006): 745-752.
Chicago
Akopyan, G., Bonavida, B."Understanding tobacco smoke carcinogen NNK and lung tumorigenesis (Review)". International Journal of Oncology 29, no. 4 (2006): 745-752. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.29.4.745