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Review

CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Xiaobo Zhang
    • Xiao Wu
    • Yan Li
    • Guangmin Nong
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Diseases (Focuses on Complex and Critical Cases), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 109
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    Published online on: February 5, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
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Abstract

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a rare life‑threatening pulmonary disorder in children, characterized by cough, hemoptysis and dyspnea. The pathogenesis is not fully understood, posing notable challenges for clinical diagnosis and management. Recent advances have gradually revealed potential etiologies and associated immune mechanisms, driving the development and application of novel therapies. The present review aimed to summarize the current understanding of the etiology, diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies for pediatric DAH, with a focus on the emerging role of the CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab, and highlighted clinical evidence supporting its use in immune‑related DAH. The present review aimed to provide a foundation for further research and optimize clinical decision‑making.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang X, Wu X, Li Y and Nong G: CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review). Mol Med Rep 33: 109, 2026.
APA
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., & Nong, G. (2026). CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 33, 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
MLA
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., Nong, G."CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 33.4 (2026): 109.
Chicago
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., Nong, G."CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 33, no. 4 (2026): 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Zhang X, Wu X, Li Y and Nong G: CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review). Mol Med Rep 33: 109, 2026.
APA
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., & Nong, G. (2026). CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 33, 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
MLA
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., Nong, G."CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 33.4 (2026): 109.
Chicago
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., Nong, G."CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 33, no. 4 (2026): 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
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