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Molecular Medicine Reports
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Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
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April-2026 Volume 33 Issue 4

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International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

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Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

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Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

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International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

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International Journal of Epigenetics

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Review

CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Xiaobo Zhang
    • Xiao Wu
    • Yan Li
    • Guangmin Nong
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Diseases (Focuses on Complex and Critical Cases), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 109
    |
    Published online on: February 5, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
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Abstract

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) is a rare life‑threatening pulmonary disorder in children, characterized by cough, hemoptysis and dyspnea. The pathogenesis is not fully understood, posing notable challenges for clinical diagnosis and management. Recent advances have gradually revealed potential etiologies and associated immune mechanisms, driving the development and application of novel therapies. The present review aimed to summarize the current understanding of the etiology, diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies for pediatric DAH, with a focus on the emerging role of the CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab, and highlighted clinical evidence supporting its use in immune‑related DAH. The present review aimed to provide a foundation for further research and optimize clinical decision‑making.

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhang X, Wu X, Li Y and Nong G: <p>CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)</p>. Mol Med Rep 33: 109, 2026.
APA
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., & Nong, G. (2026). <p>CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)</p>. Molecular Medicine Reports, 33, 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
MLA
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., Nong, G."<p>CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)</p>". Molecular Medicine Reports 33.4 (2026): 109.
Chicago
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., Nong, G."<p>CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)</p>". Molecular Medicine Reports 33, no. 4 (2026): 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Zhang X, Wu X, Li Y and Nong G: <p>CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)</p>. Mol Med Rep 33: 109, 2026.
APA
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., & Nong, G. (2026). <p>CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)</p>. Molecular Medicine Reports, 33, 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
MLA
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., Nong, G."<p>CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)</p>". Molecular Medicine Reports 33.4 (2026): 109.
Chicago
Zhang, X., Wu, X., Li, Y., Nong, G."<p>CD20 monoclonal antibody‑rituximab for the treatment of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children (Review)</p>". Molecular Medicine Reports 33, no. 4 (2026): 109. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13819
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