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Molecular Medicine Reports
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Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
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September-2026 Volume 34 Issue 3

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International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

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Review Open Access

A‑Raf: A serine/threonine protein kinase with important biological functions (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Muhan Yang
    • Mengying Chen
    • Jinmei Wei
    • Yanling Li
    • Chen Long
    • Yan Lei
    • Yanhong Zhou

  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China, Medical Record Management and Information Statistics Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China, Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China, Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China, Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 249
    |
    Published online on: July 7, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13959
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Abstract

A‑Raf is a serine/threonine protein kinase that belongs to the RAF kinase family. A‑Raf serves key roles in various physiological and pathological processes, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, material transport and metabolism, embryonic development, bone mass maintenance and tumor progression. As research has advanced, the functional mechanisms of the A‑Raf gene have attracted increasing attention. To systematically summarize its biological functions, the present review focuses on the effects of A‑Raf on the cell cycle, apoptosis and cell proliferation, its influence on cellular material transport and metabolic processes, its role in organismal development and bone mass maintenance, its impact on tumor progression, the effects of genetic variations on A‑Raf function and the regulation of A‑Raf by upstream factors. The present review therefore aimed to provide a novel perspective for the comprehensive understanding of the function of A‑Raf.

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yang M, Chen M, Wei J, Li Y, Long C, Lei Y and Zhou Y: A‑Raf: A serine/threonine protein kinase with important biological functions (Review). Mol Med Rep 34: 249, 2026.
APA
Yang, M., Chen, M., Wei, J., Li, Y., Long, C., Lei, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2026). A‑Raf: A serine/threonine protein kinase with important biological functions (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 34, 249. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13959
MLA
Yang, M., Chen, M., Wei, J., Li, Y., Long, C., Lei, Y., Zhou, Y."A‑Raf: A serine/threonine protein kinase with important biological functions (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34.3 (2026): 249.
Chicago
Yang, M., Chen, M., Wei, J., Li, Y., Long, C., Lei, Y., Zhou, Y."A‑Raf: A serine/threonine protein kinase with important biological functions (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34, no. 3 (2026): 249. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13959
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yang M, Chen M, Wei J, Li Y, Long C, Lei Y and Zhou Y: A‑Raf: A serine/threonine protein kinase with important biological functions (Review). Mol Med Rep 34: 249, 2026.
APA
Yang, M., Chen, M., Wei, J., Li, Y., Long, C., Lei, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2026). A‑Raf: A serine/threonine protein kinase with important biological functions (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports, 34, 249. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13959
MLA
Yang, M., Chen, M., Wei, J., Li, Y., Long, C., Lei, Y., Zhou, Y."A‑Raf: A serine/threonine protein kinase with important biological functions (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34.3 (2026): 249.
Chicago
Yang, M., Chen, M., Wei, J., Li, Y., Long, C., Lei, Y., Zhou, Y."A‑Raf: A serine/threonine protein kinase with important biological functions (Review)". Molecular Medicine Reports 34, no. 3 (2026): 249. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2026.13959
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