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Oncology Letters
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Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
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October-2026 Volume 32 Issue 4

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International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

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International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

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Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

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Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

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Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

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International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

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Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

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Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

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Article Open Access

EGR1 regulates IGF‑1‑stimulated pancreatic cancer cell invasion by increasing IL‑11 expression 

  • Authors:
    • Yena Choi
    • Euitaek Jung
    • Junekyu Han
    • Soon Young Shin

  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
    Copyright: © Choi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 460
    |
    Published online on: August 13, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15815
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Abstract

Interleukin‑11 (IL‑11), a member of the glycoprotein‑130 cytokine family, has been implicated in inflammation‑associated malignancies, including pancreatic cancer, where both IL‑11 and its receptors are frequently overexpressed; however, the transcriptional mechanisms that regulate IL‑11 expression remain unclear. To investigate this mechanism, promoter reporter assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, EGR1 knockdown experiments, gene expression analyses and three‑dimensional spheroid invasion assays were performed in pancreatic cancer cells. In the present study, early growth response 1 (EGR1) was identified as a key regulator of insulin‑like growth factor 1 (IGF‑1)‑induced IL11 transcription. Promoter analyses revealed a conserved EGR1‑binding sequence (EBS) within the proximal IL11 promoter that is essential for IGF‑1‑responsive transcriptional activation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that EGR1 directly binds to this site. Functional silencing of EGR1 markedly attenuated IGF‑1‑induced IL‑11 expression and reduced invasive behavior in a three‑dimensional pancreatic cancer spheroid model. Collectively, these findings delineated an IGF‑1/EGR1/IL‑11 signaling axis linking growth factor‑dependent transcriptional regulation to invasive phenotypes and highlighted a potential therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer.

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Choi Y, Jung E, Han J and Shin SY: EGR1 regulates IGF‑1‑stimulated pancreatic cancer cell invasion by increasing IL‑11 expression . Oncol Lett 32: 460, 2026.
APA
Choi, Y., Jung, E., Han, J., & Shin, S.Y. (2026). EGR1 regulates IGF‑1‑stimulated pancreatic cancer cell invasion by increasing IL‑11 expression . Oncology Letters, 32, 460. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15815
MLA
Choi, Y., Jung, E., Han, J., Shin, S. Y."EGR1 regulates IGF‑1‑stimulated pancreatic cancer cell invasion by increasing IL‑11 expression ". Oncology Letters 32.4 (2026): 460.
Chicago
Choi, Y., Jung, E., Han, J., Shin, S. Y."EGR1 regulates IGF‑1‑stimulated pancreatic cancer cell invasion by increasing IL‑11 expression ". Oncology Letters 32, no. 4 (2026): 460. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15815
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Choi Y, Jung E, Han J and Shin SY: EGR1 regulates IGF‑1‑stimulated pancreatic cancer cell invasion by increasing IL‑11 expression . Oncol Lett 32: 460, 2026.
APA
Choi, Y., Jung, E., Han, J., & Shin, S.Y. (2026). EGR1 regulates IGF‑1‑stimulated pancreatic cancer cell invasion by increasing IL‑11 expression . Oncology Letters, 32, 460. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15815
MLA
Choi, Y., Jung, E., Han, J., Shin, S. Y."EGR1 regulates IGF‑1‑stimulated pancreatic cancer cell invasion by increasing IL‑11 expression ". Oncology Letters 32.4 (2026): 460.
Chicago
Choi, Y., Jung, E., Han, J., Shin, S. Y."EGR1 regulates IGF‑1‑stimulated pancreatic cancer cell invasion by increasing IL‑11 expression ". Oncology Letters 32, no. 4 (2026): 460. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2026.15815
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