Enhanced osseointegration of titanium implants in a rat model of osteoporosis using multilayer bone mesenchymal stem cell sheets

Duan,Yan; Ma,Wei; Li,Dehua; Wang,Tongfei; Liu,Baolin

doi:10.3892/etm.2017.5303

Enhanced osseointegration of titanium implants in a rat model of osteoporosis using multilayer bone mesenchymal stem cell sheets

Authors:
- Yan Duan
- Wei Ma
- Dehua Li
- Tongfei Wang
- Baolin Liu
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Affiliations: State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Dental Implants, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China, Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
Published online on: October 13, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5303
Pages: 5717-5726
Copyright: © Duan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate whether bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) sheets combined with titanium implants enhanced implant osseointegration in an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of osteoporosis. Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly assigned into a test group and control group. Allogenic BMSCs were collected from the rats, cultured and stored via cryopreservation. At 6 months post‑ovariectomy, establishment of the OVX model was confirmed by micro‑computed tomography (CT) measurements. BMSC sheets were subsequently layered and wrapped over titanium implants for implantation. Unmodified implants served as the control. At 8 weeks post‑implantation, samples were observed by micro‑CT reconstruction and histomorphometric evaluation. Micro‑CT reconstruction identified a marked improvement in the surrounding bone volume following treatment, with data analyses indicating a significant increase in bone volume in the BMSC‑implant group compared with the control implant group (P<0.05). In addition, histological staining identified new bone formation and an increased rate of bone‑implant contact surrounding the BMSC‑implant constructs. These results indicate that the use of BMSC sheets as a novel tissue engineering approach improves the osseointegration of titanium implants in an osteoporosis model. This method may expand the operative indications in patients with osteoporosis and improve the success rate of clinical dental implant treatments.

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