Immune escape mechanisms in malignant melanoma.

  • Authors:
    • R Geertsen
    • G Hofbauer
    • J Kamarashev
    • F Y Yue
    • R Dummer
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: January 1, 1999     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.3.1.49
  • Pages: 49-106
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Abstract

Malignant melanoma is an antigenic tumor recognized by specific lymphocytes. Several melanoma-associated antigens have been shown to cause tumor rejection in vitro. Escape from immunosurveillance by melanoma cells is the result of several mechanisms such as total loss or decreased expression of HLA antigens, alterations in the expression of tumor-associated antigens or deficiencies in the antigen-processing machinery. Additional important features include the influence of endogenous and exogenous cytokines such as interferons or interleukins and expression of adhesion molecules or co-stimulatory molecules. All these factor have to be considered for the development of new immunoregulatory treatment modalities against advanced melanoma.

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Jan 1999
Volume 3 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Geertsen R, Hofbauer G, Kamarashev J, Yue F and Dummer R: Immune escape mechanisms in malignant melanoma.. Int J Mol Med 3: 49-106, 1999.
APA
Geertsen, R., Hofbauer, G., Kamarashev, J., Yue, F., & Dummer, R. (1999). Immune escape mechanisms in malignant melanoma.. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 3, 49-106. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.3.1.49
MLA
Geertsen, R., Hofbauer, G., Kamarashev, J., Yue, F., Dummer, R."Immune escape mechanisms in malignant melanoma.". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 3.1 (1999): 49-106.
Chicago
Geertsen, R., Hofbauer, G., Kamarashev, J., Yue, F., Dummer, R."Immune escape mechanisms in malignant melanoma.". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 3, no. 1 (1999): 49-106. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.3.1.49