GDF-15 gene expression alterations in human lymphoblastoid cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes following exposure to ionizing radiation

Li,Shuang; Zhang,Qing‑Zhao; Zhang,De‑Qin; Feng,Jiang‑Bin; Luo,Qun; Lu,Xue; Wang,Xin‑Ru; Li,Kun‑Peng; Chen,De‑Qing; Mu,Xiao‑Feng; Gao,Ling; Liu,Qing‑Jie

doi:10.3892/mmr.2017.6476

GDF-15 gene expression alterations in human lymphoblastoid cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes following exposure to ionizing radiation

Authors:
- Shuang Li
- Qing‑Zhao Zhang
- De‑Qin Zhang
- Jiang‑Bin Feng
- Qun Luo
- Xue Lu
- Xin‑Ru Wang
- Kun‑Peng Li
- De‑Qing Chen
- Xiao‑Feng Mu
- Ling Gao
- Qing‑Jie Liu
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Affiliations: China CDC Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency, National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100088, P.R. China, Beijing Shijingshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100043, P.R. China, Department of Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Artillery General Hospital PLA, Beijing 100088, P.R. China, Department of Radiotherapy, General Hospital of Armed Police Forces, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
Published online on: April 12, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2017.6476
Pages: 3599-3606
Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The identification of rapid, sensitive and high‑throughput biomarkers is imperative in order to identify individuals harmed by radiation accidents, and accurately evaluate the absorbed doses of radiation. DNA microarrays have previously been used to evaluate the alterations in growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) gene expression in AHH‑1 human lymphoblastoid cells, following exposure to γ‑rays. The present study aimed to characterize the relationship between the dose of ionizing radiation and the produced effects in GDF‑15 gene expression in AHH‑1 cells and human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs). GDF‑15 mRNA and protein expression levels following exposure to γ‑rays and neutron radiation were assessed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis in AHH‑1 cells. In addition, alterations in GDF‑15 gene expression in HPBLs following ex vivo irradiation were evaluated. The present results demonstrated that GDF‑15 mRNA and protein expression levels in AHH‑1 cells were significantly upregulated following exposure to γ‑ray doses ranging between 1 and 10 Gy, regardless of the dose rate. A total of 48 h following exposure to neutron radiation, a dose‑response relationship was identified in AHH‑1 cells at γ‑ray doses between 0.4 and 1.6 Gy. GDF‑15 mRNA levels in HPBLs were significantly upregulated following exposure to γ‑ray doses between 1 and 8 Gy, within 4‑48 h following irradiation. These results suggested that significant time‑ and dose‑dependent alterations in GDF‑15 mRNA and protein expression occur in AHH‑1 cells and HPBLs in the early phases following exposure to ionizing radiation. In conclusion, alterations in GDF‑15 gene expression may have potential as a biomarker to evaluate radiation exposure.

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