Open Access

Combination of procalcitonin, C‑reaction protein and carcinoembryonic antigens for discriminating between benign and malignant pleural effusions

  • Authors:
    • Mingde Ji
    • Xiaofei Zhu
    • Jie Dong
    • Shining Qian
    • Fei Meng
    • Wanjian Gu
    • Wen Qiu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: June 1, 2018     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.8871
  • Pages: 1727-1735
  • Copyright: © Ji et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Pleural effusion (PE) is a common manifestation associated with certain chest diseases. However, there is no effective diagnostic marker with high sensitivity and specificity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of several biomarkers in the use of detecting malignant pleural disorder. One hundred and fifty patients with a specific diagnosis of exudative PE were enrolled in this study and were divided into the benign PE group (n=93) and the malignant PE group (n=57). Thoracoscopy was conducted to identify the reasons for the PE. Biomarkers in pleural fluid and in sera were determined either by microparticle enzyme immunoassay [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)], fluorescence immunoassay [procalcitonin (PCT)] or light‑scattering turbidimetric immunoassay [C‑reaction protein (CRP)]. Then, correlation analysis and receiver‑operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis individually or in combination were performed. The CRP and PCT levels were higher in benign PE than they were in malignant PE (PCT: P=0.017, P=0.032; CRP: P=0.001, P<0.001, respectively), while CEA levels were lower in benign PE than in malignant PE (CEA: P=0.001, P=0.001, respectively). During the ROC curve analysis, an optimal discrimination was identified by combining pleural CRP, pleural CEA and serum (s)PCT with an area under the curve of 0.973 (sensitivity, 98.9%; specificity, 89.5%). In the diagnosis of PE, there was no single biomarker that appeared to be adequately accurate. The combination of pleural CRP, pleural CEA and sPCT may represent an efficient diagnostic procedure for guiding the patient towards follow‑up clinical treatment.
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August-2018
Volume 16 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Ji M, Zhu X, Dong J, Qian S, Meng F, Gu W and Qiu W: Combination of procalcitonin, C‑reaction protein and carcinoembryonic antigens for discriminating between benign and malignant pleural effusions. Oncol Lett 16: 1727-1735, 2018.
APA
Ji, M., Zhu, X., Dong, J., Qian, S., Meng, F., Gu, W., & Qiu, W. (2018). Combination of procalcitonin, C‑reaction protein and carcinoembryonic antigens for discriminating between benign and malignant pleural effusions. Oncology Letters, 16, 1727-1735. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.8871
MLA
Ji, M., Zhu, X., Dong, J., Qian, S., Meng, F., Gu, W., Qiu, W."Combination of procalcitonin, C‑reaction protein and carcinoembryonic antigens for discriminating between benign and malignant pleural effusions". Oncology Letters 16.2 (2018): 1727-1735.
Chicago
Ji, M., Zhu, X., Dong, J., Qian, S., Meng, F., Gu, W., Qiu, W."Combination of procalcitonin, C‑reaction protein and carcinoembryonic antigens for discriminating between benign and malignant pleural effusions". Oncology Letters 16, no. 2 (2018): 1727-1735. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.8871