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Article

Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9

  • Authors:
    • Shuyue Wang
    • Juntian Liu
    • Di Wu
    • Xiaoming Pang
    • Jingjing Zhao
    • Xiaolu Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
  • Pages: 513-518
    |
    Published online on: May 4, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2015.459
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Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in the vessel. As one of the inflammatory markers, fibrinogen has been indicated in formation and progression of atherosclerosis. However, it is completely unclear whether fibrinogen produces a pro‑inflammatory effect on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The purpose of the present study was to observe the effect of fibrinogen on the expression of peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptors‑α (PPARα), PPARγ and matrix metalloproteinase‑9 (MMP‑9) in VSMCs. Rat VSMCs were cultured and fibrinogen was used as a stimulant for PPARα, PPARγ and MMP‑9 expression. mRNA expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP‑9 was identified with the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Protein production of PPARα and PPARγ was examined by western blot analysis and the MMP‑9 level in the supernatant of VSMCs was measured with the enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that fibrinogen downregulated mRNA and protein expression of PPARα and PPARγ, and upregulated mRNA and protein generation of MMP‑9 in VSMCs in time‑ and concentration‑dependent manners. The maximal inhibition of protein expression of PPARα and PPARγ was 71.8 and 79.9%, respectively. The maximal release of MMP‑9 was 4 times over the control. The results suggest that fibrinogen exerts a pro‑inflammatory effect on VSMCs through inhibiting the expression of anti‑inflammatory cytokine PPARα and PPARγ and stimulating the production of pro‑inflammatory cytokine MMP‑9. The findings provide new evidence for the pro‑inflammatory and pro‑atherosclerotic effects of fibrinogen.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang S, Liu J, Wu D, Pang X, Zhao J and Zhang X: Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9. Biomed Rep 3: 513-518, 2015.
APA
Wang, S., Liu, J., Wu, D., Pang, X., Zhao, J., & Zhang, X. (2015). Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9. Biomedical Reports, 3, 513-518. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2015.459
MLA
Wang, S., Liu, J., Wu, D., Pang, X., Zhao, J., Zhang, X."Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9". Biomedical Reports 3.4 (2015): 513-518.
Chicago
Wang, S., Liu, J., Wu, D., Pang, X., Zhao, J., Zhang, X."Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9". Biomedical Reports 3, no. 4 (2015): 513-518. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2015.459
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang S, Liu J, Wu D, Pang X, Zhao J and Zhang X: Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9. Biomed Rep 3: 513-518, 2015.
APA
Wang, S., Liu, J., Wu, D., Pang, X., Zhao, J., & Zhang, X. (2015). Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9. Biomedical Reports, 3, 513-518. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2015.459
MLA
Wang, S., Liu, J., Wu, D., Pang, X., Zhao, J., Zhang, X."Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9". Biomedical Reports 3.4 (2015): 513-518.
Chicago
Wang, S., Liu, J., Wu, D., Pang, X., Zhao, J., Zhang, X."Pro-inflammatory effect of fibrinogen on vascular smooth muscle cells by regulating the expression of PPARα, PPARγ and MMP-9". Biomedical Reports 3, no. 4 (2015): 513-518. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2015.459
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