Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Biomedical Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9434 Online ISSN: 2049-9442
Journal Cover
June-2018 Volume 8 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
June-2018 Volume 8 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Proteomic identification of potential markers of myosteatosis in human urine

  • Authors:
    • Holger Husi
    • Alisdair MacDonald
    • Richard J.E. Skipworth
    • Janice Miller
    • Andrew Cronshaw
    • Kenneth C.H. Fearon
    • James A. Ross
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Science, IV2 3JH Inverness, UK, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, EH16 4SB Edinburgh, UK, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
  • Pages: 557-564
    |
    Published online on: April 25, 2018
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1091
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Myosteatosis, the infiltration of fat in skeletal muscle, is associated with lower skeletal muscle density (SMD) as detected by computed tomography (CT). It increases with aging and obesity and is thought to play a role in the aetiology of insulin resistance and type II diabetes. The clinical significance of myosteatosis in cancer cachexia, however, remains to be determined. Along with demonstrable subcutaneous and visceral lipolysis, myosteatosis may also be a key component of the syndrome. We aimed to investigate the use of human urine as a non‑invasive way to screen for molecular biomarkers of myosteatosis/reduced SMD using SELDI‑TOF mass spectrometry. Pre‑operative CT scans of patients undergoing surgery for upper gastrointestinal or hepatopancreaticobiliary cancer were analysed at the level of the third lumbar vertebrae. Myosteatosis was inferred as the presence of reduced SMD, which was defined as Hounsfield units for skeletal muscle <39.5 (two standard deviations below a normal healthy cohort). Urine was analysed by mass spectrometry using CM10 and IMAC30 SELDI‑chips. Peaks observed in the CM10 and IMAC30 chip types, showed marked expressional differences between control and myosteatosis, were further investigated by mascot SELDI matrix matching. A total of 55 patients was recruited; 31 patients were found to be myosteatotic on CT scan. Application of the IMAC30‑derived model to the entire cohort showed a sensitivity of 97%, specificity of 71% and an overall correctness of 85%. Application of the CM10 chipset‑based model to the entire cohort, showed a 77% sensitivity, 67% specificity and 73% overall correctness. Analysis of the peaks of interest resulted in the identification of significant fragments of cathepsin C, argin, arylsulfatase A and glial fibrillary acidic protein. We identified several potential urinary molecular biomarkers associated with reduced SMD in cancer. Such markers are potentially useful in deriving a clinical screening test for myosteatosis.
View Figures

Figure 1

View References

1 

Delmonico MJ, Harris TB, Visser M, Park SW, Conroy MB, Velasquez-Mieyer P, Boudreau R, Manini TM, Nevitt M, Newman AB and Goodpaster BH: Health, Aging, and Body: Longitudinal study of muscle strength, quality, and adipose tissue infiltration. Am J Clin Nutr. 90:1579–1585. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Li Y, Xu S, Zhang X, Yi Z and Cichello S: Skeletal intramyocellular lipid metabolism and insulin resistance. Biophys Rev. 1:90–98. 2015.

3 

Skipworth RJE, Stewart GD, Dejong CHC, Preston T and Fearon KCH: Pathophysiology of cancer cachexia: Much more than host-tumour interaction? Clin Nutr. 26:667–676. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Dewys WD, Begg C, Lavin PT, Band PR, Bennett JM, Bertino JR, Cohen MH, Douglass HO Jr, Engstrom PF, Ezdinli EZ, et al: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group: Prognostic effect of weight loss prior to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Am J Med. 69:491–497. 1980. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Fearon KCH, Voss AC and Hustead DS: Cancer Cachexia Study Group: Definition of cancer cachexia: Effect of weight loss, reduced food intake, and systemic inflammation on functional status and prognosis. Am J Clin Nutr. 83:1345–1350. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Lieffers JR, Bathe OF, Fassbender K, Winget M and Baracos VE: Sarcopenia is associated with postoperative infection and delayed recovery from colorectal cancer resection surgery. Br J Cancer. 107:931–936. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Ding Q, Mracek T, Gonzalez-Muniesa P, Kos K, Wilding J, Trayhurn P and Bing C: Identification of macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 in adipose tissue and its secretion as an adipokine by human adipocytes. Endocrinology. 150:1688–1696. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Russell ST and Tisdale MJ: The role of glucocorticoids in the induction of zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein expression in adipose tissue in cancer cachexia. Br J Cancer. 92:876–881. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Mracek T, Stephens NA, Gao D, Bao Y, Ross JA, Rydén M, Arner P, Trayhurn P, Fearon KC and Bing C: Enhanced ZAG production by subcutaneous adipose tissue is linked to weight loss in gastrointestinal cancer patients. Br J Cancer. 104:441–447. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Das SK, Eder S, Schauer S, Diwoky C, Temmel H, Guertl B, Gorkiewicz G, Tamilarasan KP, Kumari P, Trauner M, et al: Adipose triglyceride lipase contributes to cancer-associated cachexia. Science. 333:233–238. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Gray C, MacGillivray TJ, Eeley C, Stephens NA, Beggs I, Fearon KCH and Greig CA: Magnetic resonance imaging with k-means clustering objectively measures whole muscle volume compartments in sarcopenia/cancer cachexia. Clin Nutr. 30:106–111. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Stephens NA, Skipworth RJE, Macdonald AJ, Greig CA, Ross JA and Fearon KCH: Intramyocellular lipid droplets increase with progression of cachexia in cancer patients. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2:111–117. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Mueller TC, Bachmann J, Prokopchuk O, Friess H and Martignoni ME: Molecular pathways leading to loss of skeletal muscle mass in cancer cachexia - can findings from animal models be translated to humans? BMC Cancer. 16:752016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Fearon KCH and Baracos VE: Cachexia in pancreatic cancer: New treatment options and measures of success. HPB. 12:323–324. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Skipworth RJE, Stewart GD, Bhana M, Christie J, Sturgeon CM, Guttridge DC, Cronshaw AD, Fearon KCH and Ross JA: Mass spectrometric detection of candidate protein biomarkers of cancer cachexia in human urine. Int J Oncol. 36:973–982. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

16 

Husi H, Stephens N, Cronshaw A, MacDonald A, Gallagher I, Greig C, Fearon KCH and Ross JA: Proteomic analysis of urinary upper gastrointestinal cancer markers. Proteomics Clin Appl. 5:289–299. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Prado CM, Lieffers JR, McCargar LJ, Reiman T, Sawyer MB, Martin L and Baracos VE: Prevalence and clinical implications of sarcopenic obesity in patients with solid tumours of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts: A population-based study. Lancet Oncol. 9:629–635. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Goodpaster BH, Thaete FL and Kelley DE: Composition of skeletal muscle evaluated with computed tomography. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 904:18–24. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Goodpaster BH, Carlson CL, Visser M, Kelley DE, Scherzinger A, Harris TB, Stamm E and Newman AB: Attenuation of skeletal muscle and strength in the elderly: The Health ABC Study. J Appl Physiol 1985. 90:2157–2165. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Martin L, Birdsell L, Macdonald N, Reiman T, Clandinin MT, McCargar LJ, Murphy R, Ghosh S, Sawyer MB and Baracos VE: Cancer cachexia in the age of obesity: Skeletal muscle depletion is a powerful prognostic factor, independent of body mass index. J Clin Oncol. 31:1539–1547. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, Bosaeus I, Bruera E, Fainsinger RL, Jatoi A, Loprinzi C, MacDonald N, Mantovani G, et al: Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: An international consensus. Lancet Oncol. 12:489–495. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Hosokawa M, Kashiwaya K, Eguchi H, Ohigashi H, Ishikawa O, Furihata M, Shinomura Y, Imai K, Nakamura Y and Nakagawa H: Over-expression of cysteine proteinase inhibitor cystatin 6 promotes pancreatic cancer growth. Cancer Sci. 99:1626–1632. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Dencker M, Tanha T, Karlsson MK, Wollmer P, Andersen LB and Thorsson O: Cystatin B, cathepsin L and D related to surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease in children. PLoS One. 12:e01874942017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Farges MC, Balcerzak D, Fisher BD, Attaix D, Béchet D, Ferrara M and Baracos VE: Increased muscle proteolysis after local trauma mainly reflects macrophage-associated lysosomal proteolysis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 282:E326–E335. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Stevenson EJ, Giresi PG, Koncarevic A and Kandarian SC: Global analysis of gene expression patterns during disuse atrophy in rat skeletal muscle. J Physiol. 551:33–48. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Salminen A and Kihlström M: Lysosomal changes in mouse skeletal muscle during the repair of exercise injuries. Muscle Nerve. 8:269–279. 1985. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Wen D, Corina K, Chow EP, Miller S, Janmey PA and Pepinsky RB: The plasma and cytoplasmic forms of human gelsolin differ in disulfide structure. Biochemistry. 35:9700–9709. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Rao J and Li N: Microfilament actin remodeling as a potential target for cancer drug development. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 4:345–354. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Gao J, Qin Z, Guan X, Guo J, Wang H and Liu S: Overexpression of GSN could decrease inflammation and apoptosis in EAE and may enhance vitamin D therapy on EAE/MS. Sci Rep. 7:6042017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Bentzinger CF, Barzaghi P, Lin S and Ruegg MA: Overexpression of mini-agrin in skeletal muscle increases muscle integrity and regenerative capacity in laminin-alpha2-deficient mice. FASEB J. 19:934–942. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Hettwer S, Dahinden P, Kucsera S, Farina C, Ahmed S, Fariello R, Drey M, Sieber CC and Vrijbloed JW: Elevated levels of a C-terminal agrin fragment identifies a new subset of sarcopenia patients. Exp Gerontol. 48:69–75. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Brenner M, Johnson AB, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Rodriguez D, Goldman JE and Messing A: Mutations in GFAP, encoding glial fibrillary acidic protein, are associated with Alexander disease. Nat Genet. 27:117–120. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Scherbakov N, Knops M, Ebner N, Valentova M, Sandek A, Grittner U, Dahinden P, Hettwer S, Schefold JC, von Haehling S, et al: Evaluation of C-terminal agrin fragment as a marker of muscle wasting in patients after acute stroke during early rehabilitation. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 7:60–67. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Watson CJ, Ledwidge MT, Phelan D, Collier P, Byrne JC, Dunn MJ, McDonald KM and Baugh JA: Proteomic analysis of coronary sinus serum reveals leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein as a novel biomarker of ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. Circ Heart Fail. 4:188–197. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Huzé C, Bauché S, Richard P, Chevessier F, Goillot E, Gaudon K, et al: Identification of an agrin mutation that causes congenital myasthenia and affects synapse function. Am J Hum Genet. 85:155–167. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Bentzinger CF, Barzaghi P, Lin S and Ruegg MA: Overexpression of mini-agrin in skeletal muscle increases muscle integrity and regenerative capacity in laminin-alpha2-deficient mice. FASEB J. 19:934–942. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Goodpaster BH, Kelley DE, Thaete FL, He J and Ross R: Skeletal muscle attenuation determined by computed tomography is associated with skeletal muscle lipid content. J Appl Physiol (1985). 89:104–110. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Ramage MI, Johns N, Deans CD, Ross JA, Preston T, Skipworth RJ, Jacobi C and Fearon KC: The relationship between muscle protein content and CT-derived muscle radio-density in patients with upper GI cancer. Clin Nutr. 37:752–754. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Husi H, MacDonald A, Skipworth RJ, Miller J, Cronshaw A, Fearon KC and Ross JA: Proteomic identification of potential markers of myosteatosis in human urine. Biomed Rep 8: 557-564, 2018.
APA
Husi, H., MacDonald, A., Skipworth, R.J., Miller, J., Cronshaw, A., Fearon, K.C., & Ross, J.A. (2018). Proteomic identification of potential markers of myosteatosis in human urine. Biomedical Reports, 8, 557-564. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1091
MLA
Husi, H., MacDonald, A., Skipworth, R. J., Miller, J., Cronshaw, A., Fearon, K. C., Ross, J. A."Proteomic identification of potential markers of myosteatosis in human urine". Biomedical Reports 8.6 (2018): 557-564.
Chicago
Husi, H., MacDonald, A., Skipworth, R. J., Miller, J., Cronshaw, A., Fearon, K. C., Ross, J. A."Proteomic identification of potential markers of myosteatosis in human urine". Biomedical Reports 8, no. 6 (2018): 557-564. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1091
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Husi H, MacDonald A, Skipworth RJ, Miller J, Cronshaw A, Fearon KC and Ross JA: Proteomic identification of potential markers of myosteatosis in human urine. Biomed Rep 8: 557-564, 2018.
APA
Husi, H., MacDonald, A., Skipworth, R.J., Miller, J., Cronshaw, A., Fearon, K.C., & Ross, J.A. (2018). Proteomic identification of potential markers of myosteatosis in human urine. Biomedical Reports, 8, 557-564. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1091
MLA
Husi, H., MacDonald, A., Skipworth, R. J., Miller, J., Cronshaw, A., Fearon, K. C., Ross, J. A."Proteomic identification of potential markers of myosteatosis in human urine". Biomedical Reports 8.6 (2018): 557-564.
Chicago
Husi, H., MacDonald, A., Skipworth, R. J., Miller, J., Cronshaw, A., Fearon, K. C., Ross, J. A."Proteomic identification of potential markers of myosteatosis in human urine". Biomedical Reports 8, no. 6 (2018): 557-564. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1091
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team