|
1
|
Meo SA, Usmani AM and Qalbani E:
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the Arab world: impact of GDP and
energy consumption. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 21:1303–1312.
2017.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
2
|
Diagnosis and classification of diabetes
mellitus. Diabetes Care. 37 (Suppl. 1):S81–S90. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
3
|
Cerf ME: Beta cell dysfunction and insulin
resistance. Front Endocrinol. 4(37)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
4
|
World Health Organization: Diabetes, 2018.
https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1.
|
|
5
|
International Diabetes Federation: IDF
Diabetes Atlas. 9th edition. Brussels, Belgium, 2019. https://www.diabetesatlas.org/en/sections/demographic-and-geographic-outline.html.
|
|
6
|
Abuyassin B and Laher I: Diabetes epidemic
sweeping the Arab world. World J Diabetes. 7:165–174.
2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
7
|
Ajlouni K, Khader YS, Batieha A, Ajlouni H
and El-Khateeb M: An increase in prevalence of diabetes mellitus in
Jordan over 10 years. J Diabetes Complications. 22:317–324.
2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
8
|
Ajlouni K, Batieha A, Jaddou H, Khader Y,
Abdo N, El-Khateeb M, Hyassat D and Al-Louzi D: Time trends in
diabetes mellitus in Jordan between 1994 and 2017. Diabet Med.
36:1176–1182. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
9
|
Tabák AG, Herder C, Rathmann W, Brunner EJ
and Kivimäki M: Prediabetes: A high-risk state for diabetes
development. Lancet. 379:2279–2290. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
10
|
Nathan DM, Davidson MB, DeFronzo RA, Heine
RJ, Henry RR, Pratley R and Zinman B: American Diabetes
Association. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose
tolerance: implications for care. Diabetes Care. 30:753–759.
2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
11
|
Li G, Zhang P, Wang J, Gregg EW, Yang W,
Gong Q, Li H, Li H, Jiang Y, An Y, et al: The long-term effect of
lifestyle interventions to prevent diabetes in the China Da Qing
Diabetes Prevention Study: A 20-year follow-up study. Lancet.
371:1783–1789. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
12
|
Lindström J, Louheranta A, Mannelin M,
Rastas M, Salminen V, Eriksson J, Uusitupa M and Tuomilehto J:
Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study Group. The Finnish Diabetes
Prevention Study (DPS): Lifestyle intervention and 3-year results
on diet and physical activity. Diabetes Care. 26:3230–3236.
2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
13
|
Liberopoulos EN, Tsouli S, Mikhailidis DP
and Elisaf MS: Preventing type 2 diabetes in high risk patients: An
overview of lifestyle and pharmacological measures. Curr Drug
Targets. 7:211–228. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
14
|
Skurk T, Alberti-Huber C, Herder C and
Hauner H: Relationship between adipocyte size and adipokine
expression and secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 92:1023–1033.
2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
15
|
Denroche HC, Huynh FK and Kieffer TJ: The
role of leptin in glucose homeostasis. J Diabetes Investig.
3:115–129. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
16
|
Amitani M, Asakawa A, Amitani H and Inui
A: The role of leptin in the control of insulin-glucose axis. Front
Neurosci. 7(51)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
17
|
Campfield LA, Smith FJ, Guisez Y, Devos R
and Burn P: Recombinant mouse OB protein: Evidence for a peripheral
signal linking adiposity and central neural networks. Science.
269:546–549. 1995.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
18
|
Murea M, Ma L and Freedman BI: Genetic and
environmental factors associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic
vascular complications. Rev Diabet Stud. 9:6–22. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
19
|
Dasgupta S, Salman M, Siddalingaiah LB,
Lakshmi GL, Xaviour D and Sreenath J: Genetic variants in leptin:
Determinants of obesity and leptin levels in South Indian
population. Adipocyte. 4:135–140. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
20
|
Hijjawi NS, Al-Radaideh AM, Al-Fayomi KI,
Nimer NA, Alabadi HA, Al-Zu'bi RM, Agraib LM, Allehdan SS and
Tayyem RF: Relationship of serum leptin with some biochemical,
anthropometric parameters and abdominal fat volumes as measured by
magnetic resonance imaging. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 12:207–213.
2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
21
|
Crujeiras AB, Carreira MC, Cabia B,
Andrade S, Amil M and Casanueva FF: Leptin resistance in obesity:
An epigenetic landscape. Life. 40:57–63. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
22
|
Al-Daghri NM, Al-Attas OS, Al-Rubeaan K,
Mohieldin M, Al-Katari M, Jones AF and Kumar S: Serum leptin and
its relation to anthropometric measures of obesity in pre-diabetic
Saudis. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 6(18)2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
23
|
Mazahreh TS, Alfaqih M, Saadeh R, Al-Zoubi
NA, Hatamleh M, Alqudah A, Aleshawi AJ and Alzoubi A: The effects
of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on the parameters of leptin
resistance in obesity. Biomolecules. 9(E533)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
24
|
Hossain IA, Shah R, Jebunnesa F, Zinnat R
and Ali L: Association of serum leptin with bta cell dysfunction
and insulin resistance among different subgroups of prediabetes. J
Diabetes Metab. 10(828)2019.
|
|
25
|
Becic T, Studenik C and Hoffmann G:
Exercise Increases Adiponectin and Reduces Leptin Levels in
Prediabetic and Diabetic Individuals: Systematic Review and
Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Med Sci (Basel).
6(97)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
26
|
Sharifi F, Yamini M, Esmaeilzadeh A,
Mousavinasab N and Shajari Z: Acylated ghrelin and leptin
concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, people
with prediabetes and first degree relatives of patients with
diabetes, a comparative study. J Diabetes Metab Disord.
12(51)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
27
|
Hinuy HM, Hirata MH, Sampaio MF,
Armaganijan D, Arazi SS, Salazar LA and Hirata RDC: Relationship
between variants of the leptin gene and obesity and metabolic
biomarkers in Brazilian individuals. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab.
54:282–288. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
28
|
Jiang Y, Wilk JB, Borecki I, Williamson S,
DeStefano AL, Xu G, Liu J, Ellison RC, Province M and Myers RH:
Common variants in the 5' region of the leptin gene are associated
with body mass index in men from the National Heart, Lung, and
Blood Institute Family Heart Study. Am J Hum Genet. 75:220–230.
2004.PubMed/NCBI View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
29
|
Lakka TA, Rankinen T, Weisnagel SJ,
Chagnon YC, Lakka HM, Ukkola O, Boulé N, Rice T, Leon AS, Skinner
JS, et al: Leptin and leptin receptor gene polymorphisms and
changes in glucose homeostasis in response to regular exercise in
nondiabetic individuals: The HERITAGE family study. Diabetes.
53:1603–1608. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
30
|
Saadeh N, Alfaqih MA, Mansour H, Khader
YS, Saadeh R, Al-Dwairi A and Nusier M: Serum homocysteine is
associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome in Jordan. Biomed Rep.
9:439–445. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
31
|
Alfaqih MA, Al-Mughales F, Al-Shboul O, Al
Qudah M, Khader YS and Al-Jarrah M: Association of adiponectin and
rs1501299 of the ADIPOQ gene with prediabetes in Jordan.
Biomolecules. 8(E117)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
32
|
Wauters M, Considine RV, Yudkin JS,
Peiffer F, De Leeuw I and Van Gaal LF: Leptin levels in type 2
diabetes: Associations with measures of insulin resistance and
insulin secretion. Horm Metab Res. 35:92–96. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
33
|
Obeidat AA, Ahmad MN, Haddad FH and Azzeh
FS: Leptin and uric acid as predictors of metabolic syndrome in
Jordanian adults. Nutr Res Pract. 10:411–417. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
34
|
Mazor R, Friedmann-Morvinski D, Alsaigh T,
Kleifeld O, Kistler EB, Rousso-Noori L, Huang C, Li JB, Verma IM
and Schmid-Schönbein GW: Cleavage of the leptin receptor by matrix
metalloproteinase-2 promotes leptin resistance and obesity in mice.
Sci Transl Med. 10(eaah6324)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
35
|
Halford JCG and Blundell JE: Separate
systems for serotonin and leptin in appetite control. Ann Med.
32:222–232. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
36
|
Banihani SA, Elmadhoun RA, Khabour OF and
Alzoubi KH: The rs2167270 polymorphism of leptin gene is associated
with atopic dermatitis. Dermatoendocrinol.
10(e1454191)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
37
|
Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS,
Naylor BA, Treacher DF and Turner RC: Homeostasis model assessment:
Insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma
glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia.
28:412–419. 1985.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
