Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Biomedical Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9434 Online ISSN: 2049-9442
Journal Cover
July-2021 Volume 15 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2021 Volume 15 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Effect of Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract on glial NF‑κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese‑type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model

  • Authors:
    • Muflihatul Muniroh
    • Yora Nindita
    • Vega Karlowee
    • Yosef Purwoko
    • Nadya Diena Rahmah
    • Retno Widyowati
    • Suryono Suryono
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University, Semarang, Java 50275, Indonesia, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University, Semarang, Java 50275, Indonesia, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University, Semarang, Java 50275, Indonesia, Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University, Semarang, Java 50275, Indonesia, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java 60115, Indonesia, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University, Semarang, Java 50275, Indonesia
    Copyright: © Muniroh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 63
    |
    Published online on: June 3, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1439
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an age‑related disease associated with cerebral inflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Garcinia mangostana pericarp (GMP) possesses antihyperglycemic, antidiabetic and anti‑inflammatory effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of GMP extract on cerebral inflammation in Wistar rats with T2DM by examining the expression levels of glial nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB), interleukin (IL)‑6, tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). A total of 36 8‑10‑week‑old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups and provided a standard diet (normal control; C1), high‑fat diet (HFD) with 200 g/kg GMP extract BW/day (GMP control; C2), HFD with streptozotocin‑nicotinamide (diabetic control; C3), and HFD with 100 (M1), 200 (M2) or 400 g/kg body weight (BW)/day (M3) GMP extract for Wistar rats with diabetes. GMP extract was administered for 8 weeks after induction of T2DM was confirmed. Glial NF‑κB activity was assessed by immunohistochemical staining, and by measuring IL‑6 levels, TNF‑α levels and SOD activity in the serum using ELISA. BW significantly increased following HFD treatment. After 7 weeks, the BW remained significantly higher compared with the normal control and GMP extract‑treated groups, but decreased continuously in the T2DM groups. Glial NF‑κB immunoreaction in the hippocampal region was significantly higher in the diabetic Wistar rats compared with the normal control Wistar rats, and 200 g/kg BW/day GMP significantly reduced its activity. The T2DM Wistar rats showed significantly higher expression levels of serum IL‑6 and TNF‑α and lower activity of SOD compared with the normal control Wistar rats. Meanwhile, rats in GMP groups M1, M2 and M3 exhibited significant reductions in the levels of IL‑6 and TNF‑α expression, and increases in SOD activity. GMP extract treatment effectively reduced hippocampal NF‑κB, IL‑6 and TNF‑α levels and increased antioxidant SOD activity. These results suggest that GMP extract prevents cerebral inflammation in T2DM Wistar rats.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Gudala K, Bansal D, Schifano F and Bhansali A: Diabetes mellitus and risk of dementia: A meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. J Diabetes Investig. 4:640–650. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Cheng G, Huang C, Deng H and Wang H: Diabetes as a risk factor for dementia and mild cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Intern Med J. 42:484–491. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Strachan MW, Price JF and Frier BM: Diabetes, cognitive impairment, and dementia. BMJ. 336(6)2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Profenno LA, Porsteinsson AP and Faraone SV: Meta-analysis of Alzheimer's disease risk with obesity, diabetes, and related disorders. Biol Psychiatry. 67:505–512. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Dybjer E, Nilsson PM, Engström G, Helmer C and Nägga K: Pre-diabetes and diabetes are independently associated with adverse cognitive test results: A cross-sectional, population-based study. BMC Endocr Disord. 18(91)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Cholerton B, Baker LD, Montine TJ and Craft S: Type 2 diabetes, cognition, and dementia in older adults: Toward a precision health approach. Diabetes Spectr. 29:210–219. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Zheng M, Chang B, Tian L, Shan C, Chen H, Gao Y, Huang G and Zhang M: Relationship between inflammatory markers and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: A case-control study. BMC Endocr Disord. 19(73)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Meldrum DR, Gambone JC, Morris MA, Esposito K, Giugliano D and Ignarro LJ: Lifestyle and metabolic approaches to maximizing erectile and vascular health. Int J Impot Res. 24:61–68. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Buvat J, Maggi M, Gooren L, Guay AT, Kaufman J, Morgentaler A, Schulman C, Tan HM, Torres LO, Yassin A, et al: Endocrine aspects of male sexual dysfunctions. J Sex Med. 7:1627–1656. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

García-Cruz E, Leibar-Tamayo A, Romero J, Piqueras M, Luque P, Cardeñosa O and Alcaraz A: Metabolic syndrome in men with low testosterone levels: Relationship with cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities and with erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med. 10:2529–2538. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Xu H: Obesity and metabolic inflammation. Drug Discov Today Dis Mech. 10(10)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Monteiro R and Azevedo I: Chronic inflammation in obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Mediators Inflamm. 2010(289645)2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Otis CR, Wamhoff BR and Sturek M: Hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in diabetic dyslipidemic Yucatan swine. Comp Med. 53:53–64. 2003.PubMed/NCBI

14 

Takeda S, Sato N, Uchio-Yamada K, Sawada K, Kunieda T, Takeuchi D, Kurinami H, Shinohara M, Rakugi H and Morishita R: Diabetes-accelerated memory dysfunction via cerebrovascular inflammation and Abeta deposition in an Alzheimer mouse model with diabetes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107:7036–7041. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Zhao SJ, Guo CN, Wang MQ, Chen WJ and Zhao YB: Serum levels of inflammation factors and cognitive performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A Chinese clinical study. Cytokine. 57:221–225. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Lai KSP, Liu CS, Rau A, Lanctôt KL, Köhler CA, Pakosh M, Carvalho AF and Herrmann N: Peripheral inflammatory markers in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 175 studies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 88:876–882. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Gocmez SS, Şahin TD, Yazir Y, Duruksu G, Eraldemir FC, Polat S and Utkan T: Resveratrol prevents cognitive deficits by attenuating oxidative damage and inflammation in rat model of streptozotocin diabetes induced vascular dementia. Physiol Behav. 201:198–207. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Versari D, Daghini E, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L and Taddei S: Endothelial dysfunction as a target for prevention of cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care. 32 (Suppl 2):S314–S321. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Jha NK, Jha SK, Kar R, Nand P, Swati K and Goswami VK: Nuclear factor-kappa β as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem. 150:113–137. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Kawahara TLA, Michishita E, Adler AS, Damian M, Berber E, Lin M, McCord RA, Ongaigui KCL, Boxer LD, Chang HY, et al: SIRT6 links histone H3 lysine 9 deacetylation to NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression and organismal life span. Cell. 136:62–74. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Natoli G: When sirtuins and NF-kappaB collide. Cell. 136:19–21. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Feng Y, Li X, Zhou W, Lou D, Huang D, Li Y, Kang Y, Xiang Y, Li T, Zhou W, et al: Regulation of SET gene expression by NFκB. Mol Neurobiol. 54:4477–4485. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Tousian Shandiz H, Razavi BM and Hosseinzadeh H: Review of Garcinia mangostana and its Xanthones in Metabolic Syndrome and Related Complications. Phytother Res. 31:1173–1182. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Ibrahim MY, Hashim NM, Mariod AA, Mohan S, Abdulla MA, Abdelwahab SI and Arbab IA: α-Mangostin from Garcinia mangostana Linn: An updated review of its pharmacological properties. Arab J Chem. 9:317–329. 2016.

25 

Obolskiy D, Pischel I, Siriwatanametanon N and Heinrich M: Garcinia mangostana L.: A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytother Res. 23:1047–1065. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

World Health Organization: Programme on Traditional Medicine. General guidelines for methodologies on research and evaluation of traditional medicine. World Health Organization, 2000.

27 

Suthammarak W, Numpraphrut P, Charoensakdi R, Neungton N, Tunrungruangtavee V, Jaisupa N, Charoensak S, Moongkarndi P and Muangpaisan W: Antioxidant-enhancing property of the polar fraction of mangosteen pericarp extract and evaluation of its safety in humans. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016(1293036)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Jung HA, Su BN, Keller WJ, Mehta RG and Kinghorn AD: Antioxidant xanthones from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen). J Agric Food Chem. 54:2077–2082. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Wang MH, Zhang KJ, Gu QL, Bi XL and Wang JX: Pharmacology of mangostins and their derivatives: A comprehensive review. Chin J Nat Med. 15:81–93. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Bumrungpert A, Kalpravidh RW, Chuang CC, Overman A, Martinez K, Kennedy A and McIntosh M: Xanthones from mangosteen inhibit inflammation in human macrophages and in human adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media. J Nutr. 140:842–847. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Cho BO, Ryu HW, So Y, Lee CW, Jin CH, Yook HS, Jeong YW, Park JC and Jeong IY: Anti-inflammatory effect of mangostenone F in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK activation. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 22:288–294. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Syam S, Bustamam A, Abdullah R, Sukari MA, Hashim NM, Mohan S, Looi CY, Wong WF, Yahayu MA and Abdelwahab SI: β Mangostin suppress LPS-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro and carrageenan-induced peritonitis in vivo. J Ethnopharmacol. 153:435–445. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Liu Q, Li D, Wang A, Dong Z, Yin S, Zhang Q, Ye Y, Li L and Lin L: Nitric oxide inhibitory xanthones from the pericarps of Garcinia mangostana. Phytochemistry. 131:115–123. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Chin YW, Jung HA, Chai H, Keller WJ and Kinghorn AD: Xanthones with quinone reductase-inducing activity from the fruits of Garcinia mangostana (Mangosteen). Phytochemistry. 69:754–758. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Taher M, Tg Zakaria TMFS, Susanti D and Zakaria ZA: Hypoglycaemic activity of ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana Linn. in normoglycaemic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 16(135)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Liu QY, Wang YT and Lin LG: New insights into the anti-obesity activity of xanthones from Garcinia mangostana. Food Funct. 6:383–393. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Sukatta U, Takenaka M, Ono H, Okadome H, Sotome I, Nanayama K, Thanapase W and Isobe S: Distribution of major xanthones in the pericarp, aril, and yellow gum of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) fruit and their contribution to antioxidative activity. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 77:984–987. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Ashton MM, Dean OM, Walker AJ, Bortolasci CC, Ng CH, Hopwood M, Harvey BH, Möller M, McGrath JJ, Marx W, et al: The therapeutic potential of mangosteen pericarp as an adjunctive therapy for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry. 10(115)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Wihastuti TA, Sargowo D, Tjokroprawiro A, Permatasari N, Widodo MA and Soeharto S: Vasa vasorum anti-angiogenesis through H2O2, HIF-1α, NF-κB, and iNOS inhibition by mangosteen pericarp ethanolic extract (Garcinia mangostana Linn) in hypercholesterol-diet-given Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 10:523–531. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Sattayasai J, Chaonapan P, Arkaravichie T, Soi-Ampornkul R, Junnu S, Charoensilp P, Samer J, Jantaravinid J, Masaratana P, Suktitipat B, et al: Protective effects of mangosteen extract on H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells and scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. PLoS One. 8(e85053)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Council NR: Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 8th edition. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2011.

42 

Janardhanan S, Mahendra J, Mahendra L and Devarajan N: Cytotoxic effects of mangosteen pericarp extracts on oral cancer and cervical cancer cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 21:2577–2583. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Saggu R, Schumacher T, Gerich F, Rakers C, Tai K, Delekate A and Petzold GC: Astroglial NF-κB contributes to white matter damage and cognitive impairment in a mouse model of vascular dementia. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 4(76)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Mattson MP and Camandola S: NF-kappaB in neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders. J Clin Invest. 107:247–254. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Albensi BC and Mattson MP: Evidence for the involvement of TNF and NF-kappaB in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Synapse. 35:151–159. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Liu T, Zhang L, Joo D and Sun SC: NF-κB signaling in inflammation. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2(17023)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Schwaninger M, Sallmann S, Petersen N, Schneider A, Prinz S, Libermann TA and Spranger M: Bradykinin induces interleukin-6 expression in astrocytes through activation of nuclear factor-kappaB. J Neurochem. 73:1461–1466. 1999.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

48 

Brüünsgaard H and Pedersen BK: Age-related inflammatory cytokines and disease. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 23:15–39. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Tarkowski E, Liljeroth AM, Minthon L, Tarkowski A, Wallin A and Blennow K: Cerebral pattern of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in dementias. Brain Res Bull. 61:255–260. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

50 

Schuitemaker A, Dik MG, Veerhuis R, Scheltens P, Schoonenboom NS, Hack CE, Blankenstein MA and Jonker C: Inflammatory markers in AD and MCI patients with different biomarker profiles. Neurobiol Aging. 30:1885–1889. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Marsland AL, Gianaros PJ, Abramowitch SM, Manuck SB and Hariri AR: Interleukin-6 covaries inversely with hippocampal grey matter volume in middle-aged adults. Biol Psychiatry. 64:484–490. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

52 

Arrick DM, Sun H, Patel KP and Mayhan WG: Chronic resveratrol treatment restores vascular responsiveness of cerebral arterioles in type 1 diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 301:H696–H703. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

53 

Hadi HAR and Suwaidi JA: Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 3:853–876. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

54 

Sharma B and Singh N: Pitavastatin and 4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyacetophenone (HMAP) reduce cognitive dysfunction in vascular dementia during experimental diabetes. Curr Neurovasc Res. 7:180–191. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

55 

Sharma B and Singh N: Attenuation of vascular dementia by sodium butyrate in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 215:677–687. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

56 

Biessels GJ, van der Heide LP, Kamal A, Bleys RL and Gispen WH: Ageing and diabetes: Implications for brain function. Eur J Pharmacol. 441:1–14. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

57 

Bumrungpert A, Kalpravidh RW, Chitchumroonchokchai C, Chuang CC, West T, Kennedy A and McIntosh M: Xanthones from mangosteen prevent lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance in primary cultures of human adipocytes. J Nutr. 139:1185–1191. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

58 

Negi JS, Bisht VK, Singh P, Rawat MS and Joshi GP: Naturally occurring xanthones: Chemistry and biology. J Appl Chem. 2013(621459)2013.

59 

Quan GH, Oh SR, Kim JH, Lee HK, Kinghorn AD and Chin YW: Xanthone constituents of the fruits of Garcinia mangostana with anticomplement activity. Phytother Res. 24:1575–1577. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

60 

Li L, Brunner I, Han AR, Hamburger M, Kinghorn AD, Frye R and Butterweck V: Pharmacokinetics of α-mangostin in rats after intravenous and oral application. Mol Nutr Food Res. 55 (Suppl 1):S67–S74. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

61 

Syamsudin F and Rahayu L: HPLC Analysis mangostin after orally administration in rats. Asian J Chem. 22:6729–6733. 2010.

62 

Foti RS, Pearson JT, Rock DA, Wahlstrom JL and Wienkers LC: In vitro inhibition of multiple cytochrome P450 isoforms by xanthone derivatives from mangosteen extract. Drug Metab Dispos. 37:1848–1855. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

63 

Li L, Han AR, Kinghorn AD, Frye RF, Derendorf H and Butterweck V: Pharmacokinetic properties of pure xanthones in comparison to a mangosteen fruit extract in rats. Planta Med. 79:646–653. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

64 

Chitchumroonchokchai C, Riedl KM, Suksumrarn S, Clinton SK, Kinghorn AD and Failla ML: Xanthones in mangosteen juice are absorbed and partially conjugated by healthy adults. J Nutr. 142:675–680. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

65 

Chitchumroonchokchai C, Thomas-Ahner JM, Li J, Riedl KM, Nontakham J, Suksumrarn S, Clinton SK, Kinghorn AD and Failla ML: Anti-tumorigenicity of dietary α-mangostin in an HT-29 colon cell xenograft model and the tissue distribution of xanthones and their phase II metabolites. Mol Nutr Food Res. 57:203–211. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

66 

Chen L, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Wang Y and Wang B: Improvement of inflammatory responses associated with NF-κB pathway in kidneys from diabetic rats. Inflamm Res. 57:199–204. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

67 

Tewtrakul S, Wattanapiromsakul C and Mahabusarakam W: Effects of compounds from Garcinia mangostana on inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 121:379–382. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Muniroh M, Nindita Y, Karlowee V, Purwoko Y, Rahmah ND, Widyowati R and Suryono S: Effect of <em>Garcinia mangostana</em> pericarp extract on glial NF‑κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese‑type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model. Biomed Rep 15: 63, 2021.
APA
Muniroh, M., Nindita, Y., Karlowee, V., Purwoko, Y., Rahmah, N.D., Widyowati, R., & Suryono, S. (2021). Effect of <em>Garcinia mangostana</em> pericarp extract on glial NF‑κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese‑type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model. Biomedical Reports, 15, 63. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1439
MLA
Muniroh, M., Nindita, Y., Karlowee, V., Purwoko, Y., Rahmah, N. D., Widyowati, R., Suryono, S."Effect of <em>Garcinia mangostana</em> pericarp extract on glial NF‑κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese‑type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model". Biomedical Reports 15.1 (2021): 63.
Chicago
Muniroh, M., Nindita, Y., Karlowee, V., Purwoko, Y., Rahmah, N. D., Widyowati, R., Suryono, S."Effect of <em>Garcinia mangostana</em> pericarp extract on glial NF‑κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese‑type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model". Biomedical Reports 15, no. 1 (2021): 63. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1439
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Muniroh M, Nindita Y, Karlowee V, Purwoko Y, Rahmah ND, Widyowati R and Suryono S: Effect of <em>Garcinia mangostana</em> pericarp extract on glial NF‑κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese‑type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model. Biomed Rep 15: 63, 2021.
APA
Muniroh, M., Nindita, Y., Karlowee, V., Purwoko, Y., Rahmah, N.D., Widyowati, R., & Suryono, S. (2021). Effect of <em>Garcinia mangostana</em> pericarp extract on glial NF‑κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese‑type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model. Biomedical Reports, 15, 63. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1439
MLA
Muniroh, M., Nindita, Y., Karlowee, V., Purwoko, Y., Rahmah, N. D., Widyowati, R., Suryono, S."Effect of <em>Garcinia mangostana</em> pericarp extract on glial NF‑κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese‑type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model". Biomedical Reports 15.1 (2021): 63.
Chicago
Muniroh, M., Nindita, Y., Karlowee, V., Purwoko, Y., Rahmah, N. D., Widyowati, R., Suryono, S."Effect of <em>Garcinia mangostana</em> pericarp extract on glial NF‑κB levels and expression of serum inflammation markers in an obese‑type 2 diabetes mellitus animal model". Biomedical Reports 15, no. 1 (2021): 63. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1439
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team