Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Biomedical Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 2049-9434 Online ISSN: 2049-9442
Journal Cover
September-2021 Volume 15 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2021 Volume 15 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Elevated levels of serum IL‑36α in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

  • Authors:
    • Xue-Rong Wang
    • Jian-Ping Xiao
    • De-Guang Wang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 76
    |
    Published online on: July 23, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1452
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the levels of IL‑36α and its association with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A total of 60 patients with SLE and 29 healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Disease activity was evaluated using the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). The serum levels of IL‑36α, IL‑36 receptor antagonist (IL‑36Ra) and IL‑17 were assessed using ELISA. The levels of IL‑36α in patients with SLE were significantly higher compared with those of healthy controls. There was a significant increase in IL‑36α in the active SLE group (SLEDAI score ≥5) compared with that of the healthy controls (P<0.001). The serum IL‑36α levels were higher in patients with active SLE than in patients with quiescent disease (P=0.012). IL‑36Ra was downregulated in patients with SLE (P=0.007). The serum IL‑17 levels were elevated in patients with SLE (P=0.036), and a positive correlation was observed between the IL‑36α and IL‑17 levels (r=0.453, P=0.003). The serum IL‑36α levels were associated with SLEDAI (r=0.374, P=0.003), proteinuria (r=0.329, P=0.010) and complement 3 (r=‑0.336, P=0.009). Patients who were receiving glucocorticoid treatment had lower IL‑36α levels than those who were not receiving glucocorticoid treatment (P=0.003). Patients with lupus nephritis had higher serum IL‑36α levels compared with those found in patients without lupus nephritis (P=0.037). The serum IL‑36α concentration was elevated in patients with SLE, and was correlated with disease activity and IL‑17 levels. The aberrant serum IL‑36α levels observed in the present study and its clinical association with SLE suggest the important role of IL‑36α in onset and progression of SLE. In addition, the association of IL‑36α with IL‑17 level indicates its involvement in the regulation of T helper 17 cytokines.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

van de Veerdonk FL and Netea MG: New insights in the immunobiology of IL-1 family members. Front Immunol. 4(167)2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Tortola L, Rosenwald E, Abel B, Blumberg H, Schäfer M, Coyle AJ, Renauld JC, Werner S, Kisielow J and Kopf M: Psoriasiform dermatitis is driven by IL-36-mediated DC-keratinocyte crosstalk. J Clin Invest. 122:3965–3976. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Ciccia F, Accardo-Palumbo A, Alessandro R, Alessandri C, Priori R, Guggino G, Raimondo S, Carubbi F, Valesini G, Giacomelli R, et al: Interleukin-36α axis is modulated in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol. 181:230–238. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Perry D, Peck AB, Carcamo WC, Morel L and Nguyen CQ: The current concept of T(h)17 cells and their expanding role in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis (Egypt). 2011(810649)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Chen XQ, Yu YC, Deng HH, Sun JZ, Dai Z, Wu YW and Yang M: Plasma IL-17A is increased in new-onset SLE patients and associated with disease activity. J Clin Immunol. 30:221–225. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Yang J, Chu Y, Yang X, Gao D, Zhu L, Yang X, Wan L and Li M: Th17 and natural Treg cell population dynamics in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 60:1472–1483. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Gresnigt MS and van de Veerdonk FL: Biology of IL-36 cytokines and their role in disease. Semin Immunol. 25:458–465. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Gresnigt MS, Rösler B, Jacobs CW, Becker KL, Joosten LA, van der Meer JW, Netea MG, Dinarello CA and van de Veerdonk FL: The IL-36 receptor pathway regulates Aspergillus fumigatus-induced Th1 and Th17 responses. Eur J Immunol. 43:416–426. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Carrier Y, Ma HL, Ramon HE, Napierata L, Small C, O'Toole M, Young DA, Fouser LA, Nickerson-Nutter C, Collins M, et al: Inter-regulation of Th17 cytokines and the IL-36 cytokines in vitro and in vivo: Implications in psoriasis pathogenesis. J Invest Dermatol. 131:2428–2437. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Chi HH, Hua KF, Lin YC, Chu CL, Hsieh CY, Hsu YJ, Ka SM, Tsai YL, Liu FC and Chen A: IL-36 signaling facilitates activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-23/IL-17 axis in renal inflammation and fibrosis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 28:2022–2037. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Mai SZ, Li CJ, Xie XY, Xiong H, Xu M, Zeng FQ, Guo Q and Han YF: Increased serum IL-36α and IL-36γ levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Association with disease activity and arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol. 58:103–108. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Chu M, Wong CK, Cai Z, Dong J, Jiao D, Kam NW, Lam CW and Tam LS: Elevated expression and pro-inflammatory activity of IL-36 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Molecules. 20:19588–19604. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Hochberg MC: Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 40(1725)1997.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Bombardier C, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Caron D and Chang CH: Derivation of the SLEDAI. A disease activity index for lupus patients. The Committee on Prognosis Studies in SLE. Arthritis Rheum. 35:630–640. 1992.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Gandevia B and Tovell A: Declaration Of Helsinki. Med J Aust. 2:320–321. 1964.PubMed/NCBI

16 

Towne JE, Garka KE, Renshaw BR, Virca GD and Sims JE: Interleukin (IL)-1F6, IL-1F8, and IL-1F9 signal through IL-1Rrp2 and IL-1RAcP to activate the pathway leading to NF-kappaB and MAPKs. J Biol Chem. 279:13677–13688. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Frey S, Derer A, Messbacher ME, Baeten DL, Bugatti S, Montecucco C, Schett G and Hueber AJ: The novel cytokine interleukin-36α is expressed in psoriatic and rheumatoid arthritis synovium. Ann Rheum Dis. 72:1569–1574. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Debets R, Timans JC, Homey B, Zurawski S, Sana TR, Lo S, Wagner J, Edwards G, Clifford T, Menon S, et al: Two novel IL-1 family members, IL-1 delta and IL-1 epsilon, function as an antagonist and agonist of NF-kappa B activation through the orphan IL-1 receptor-related protein 2. J Immunol. 167:1440–1446. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Zhou X, Krueger JG, Kao MC, Lee E, Du F, Menter A, Wong WH and Bowcock AM: Novel mechanisms of T-cell and dendritic cell activation revealed by profiling of psoriasis on the 63,100-element oligonucleotide array. Physiol Genomics. 13:69–78. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Blumberg H, Dinh H, Trueblood ES, Pretorius J, Kugler D, Weng N, Kanaly ST, Towne JE, Willis CR, Kuechle MK, et al: Opposing activities of two novel members of the IL-1 ligand family regulate skin inflammation. J Exp Med. 204:2603–2614. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Qiu F, Song L, Yang N and Li X: Glucocorticoid downregulates expression of IL-12 family cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus. 22:1011–1016. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Song L, Qiu F, Fan Y, Ding F, Liu H, Shu Q, Liu W and Li X: Glucocorticoid regulates interleukin-37 in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Immunol. 33:111–117. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Zhang M, Xu WD, Zhu Y, Wen PF, Leng RX, Pan HF and Ye DQ: Serum levels of cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus: Association study in a Chinese population. Z Rheumatol. 73:277–280. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Maddur MS, Miossec P, Kaveri SV and Bayry J: Th17 cells: Biology, pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, and therapeutic strategies. Am J Pathol. 181:8–18. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Ichii O, Otsuka S, Sasaki N, Yabuki A, Ohta H, Takiguchi M, Hashimoto Y, Endoh D and Kon Y: Local overexpression of interleukin-1 family, member 6 relates to the development of tubulointerstitial lesions. Lab Invest. 90:459–475. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Wong CK, Lit LC, Tam LS, Li EK, Wong PT and Lam CW: Hyperproduction of IL-23 and IL-17 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Implications for Th17-mediated inflammation in auto-immunity. Clin Immunol. 127:385–393. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Wong CK, Ho CY, Li EK and Lam CW: Elevation of proinflammatory cytokine (IL-18, IL-17, IL-12) and Th2 cytokine (IL-4) concentrations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 9:589–593. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Veldhoen M, Hocking RJ, Atkins CJ, Locksley RM and Stockinger B: TGFbeta in the context of an inflammatory cytokine milieu supports de novo differentiation of IL-17-producing T cells. Immunity. 24:179–189. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Nalbandian A, Crispín JC and Tsokos GC: Interleukin-17 and systemic lupus erythematosus: Current concepts. Clin Exp Immunol. 157:209–215. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Bettelli E, Carrier Y, Gao W, Korn T, Strom TB, Oukka M, Weiner HL and Kuchroo VK: Reciprocal developmental pathways for the generation of pathogenic effector TH17 and regulatory T cells. Nature. 441:235–238. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Mangan PR, Harrington LE, O'Quinn DB, Helms WS, Bullard DC, Elson CO, Hatton RD, Wahl SM, Schoeb TR and Weaver CT: Transforming growth factor-beta induces development of the T(H)17 lineage. Nature. 441:231–234. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Nicklin MJ: Finally, function for ‘IL-1Fs’. Blood. 118:5713–5714. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Towne JE, Renshaw BR, Douangpanya J, Lipsky BP, Shen M, Gabel CA and Sims JE: Interleukin-36 (IL-36) ligands require processing for full agonist (IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ) or antagonist (IL-36Ra) activity. J Biol Chem. 286:42594–42602. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Wang X, Xiao J and Wang D: Elevated levels of serum IL‑36α in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Biomed Rep 15: 76, 2021.
APA
Wang, X., Xiao, J., & Wang, D. (2021). Elevated levels of serum IL‑36α in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Biomedical Reports, 15, 76. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1452
MLA
Wang, X., Xiao, J., Wang, D."Elevated levels of serum IL‑36α in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus". Biomedical Reports 15.3 (2021): 76.
Chicago
Wang, X., Xiao, J., Wang, D."Elevated levels of serum IL‑36α in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus". Biomedical Reports 15, no. 3 (2021): 76. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1452
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Wang X, Xiao J and Wang D: Elevated levels of serum IL‑36α in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Biomed Rep 15: 76, 2021.
APA
Wang, X., Xiao, J., & Wang, D. (2021). Elevated levels of serum IL‑36α in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Biomedical Reports, 15, 76. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1452
MLA
Wang, X., Xiao, J., Wang, D."Elevated levels of serum IL‑36α in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus". Biomedical Reports 15.3 (2021): 76.
Chicago
Wang, X., Xiao, J., Wang, D."Elevated levels of serum IL‑36α in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus". Biomedical Reports 15, no. 3 (2021): 76. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2021.1452
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team