|
1
|
WHO. Weekly Epidemiological Report. WHO.
91:405–420. 2016.
|
|
2
|
Butlin CR and Saunderson P: Children with
leprosy. Lepr Rev. 85:69–73. 2014.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
3
|
Barreto JG, Guimarães Lde S, Frade MA,
Rosa PS and Salgado CG: High rates of undiagnosed leprosy and
subclinical infection amongst school children in the Amazon region.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 107 (Suppl 1):S60–S67. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
4
|
Oliveira MBB and Diniz LM: Leprosy among
children under 15 years of age: Literature review. An Bras Dermato.
91:196–203. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
5
|
Lourenco DSD, Campelo TA, Cruz GA, De
Almeida PC, Sa Goncalves HD, Pontes MADA, Lima LNGC and Frota CC:
Detection of subclinical Mycobacterium leprae infection in
children, contacts of leprosy cases, Fortaleza-Ceara', Brazil. Lepr
Rev. 88:184–196. 2017.
|
|
6
|
Adriaty D, Sp CR, Iswahyudi Wahyuni R,
Agusni I and Izumi S: Leprosy transmission in endemic and
non-endemic areas based on the profile of antibody response of
PGL-1 and PCR detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA from
nasal swab among healthy children of East Java, Indonesia. Infec
Dis Rep. 12 (Suppl 1)(S8748)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
7
|
Fine PE: Leprosy: The epidemiology of a
slow bacterium. Epidemiol Rev. 4:161–188. 1982.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
8
|
Van Beers SM, de Wit MY and Klatser PR:
The epidemiology of Mycobacterium leprae: Recent insight.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 136:221–230. 1996.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
9
|
Hooij AV and Geluk A: Immunodiagnostic for
leprosy. In: International Textbook of Leprosy. Scollard D and
Gillis T (eds). American Leprosy Missions, pp. 2-3, Leiden, The
Netherlands, 2016.
|
|
10
|
Moura RS, Calado KL, Oliveira ML and
Bührer-Sékula S: Leprosy serology using PGL-1: A systematic review.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 41 (Suppl 2):S11–S18. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
11
|
Araújo S, Lobato J, Reis Éde M, Souza DO,
Gonçalves MA, Costa AV, Goulart LR and Goulart IM: Unveiling
healthy carriers and subclinical infections among household
contacts of leprosy patients who play potential roles in the
disease chain of transmission. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 107 (Suppl
1):S55–S59. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
12
|
Penna ML, Penna GO, Iglesias PC, Natal S
and Rodrigues LC: Anti-PGL-1 positivity as a risk marker for the
development of leprosy among contacts of leprosy cases: Systematic
review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis.
10(e0004703)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
13
|
Araujo S, Rezende MM, Sousa DC, Rosa MR,
Santos DC, Goulart LR and Goulart IMB: Risk-benefit assessment of
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination, anti-phenolic glycolipid I
serology, and Mitsuda test response: 10-year follow-up of household
contacts of leprosy patients. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 48:739–745.
2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
14
|
Araújo S, Freitas LO, Goulart LR and
Goulart IMB: Molecular evidence for the aerial route of infection
of Mycobacterium leprae and the role of asymptomatic
carriers in the persistence of leprosy. Clin Infect Dis.
63:1412–1420. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
15
|
Goulart IM, Araújo S, Filho AB, de Paiva
PH and Goulart LR: Asymptomatic leprosy infection among blood
donors may predict disease development and suggests a potential
mode of transmission. J Clin Microbiol. 53:3345–3348.
2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
16
|
Reveiz L, Buendía JA and Téllez D:
Chemoprophylaxis in contacts of patients with leprosy: Systematic
review and meta-analysis. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 26:341–349.
2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
17
|
Barth-Jaeggi T, Steinmann P, Mieras L, van
Brakel W, Richardus JH, Tiwari A, Bratschi M, Cavaliero A, Vander
Plaetse B, Mirza F, et al: Leprosy Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (LPEP)
programme: Study protocol for evaluating the feasibility and impact
on case detection rates of contact tracing and single dose
rifampicin. BMJ Open. 6(e013633)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
18
|
Moet FJ, Pahan D, Oskam L and Richardus
JH: COLEP Study Group. Effectiveness of single dose rifampicin in
preventing leprosy in close contacts of patients with newly
diagnosed leprosy: Cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ.
336:761–764. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
19
|
Bakker MI, Hatta M, Kwenang A, Van Benthem
BH, Van Beers SM, Klatser PR and Oskam L: Prevention of leprosy
using rifampicin as chemoprophylaxis. Am J Trop Med Hyg.
72:443–448. 2005.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
20
|
Smith WC and Aerts A: Role of contact
tracing and prevention strategies in the interruption of leprosy
transmission. Lepr Rev. 85:2–17. 2014.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
21
|
Feenstra SG, Pahan D, Moet FJ, Oskam L and
Richardus JH: Patient-related factors predicting the effectiveness
of rifampicin chemoprophylaxis in contacts: 6 year follow up of the
COLEP cohort in Bangladesh. Lepr Rev. 83:292–304. 2012.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
22
|
Ji B, Jamet P, Perani EG, Bobin P and
Grosset JH: Powerful bactericidal activities of clarithromycin and
minocycline against Mycobacterium leprae in lepromatous
leprosy. J Infect Dis. 168:188–190. 1993.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
23
|
Walker LL, Van Landingham RM and Shinnick
TM: Clarithromycin is bactericidal against strains of
Mycobacterium leprae resistant and susceptible to dapsone
and rifampin. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 61:59–65.
1993.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
24
|
Lazo-Porras M, Prutsky GJ, Barrionuevo P,
Tapia JC, Ugarte-Gil C, Ponce OJ, Acuña-Villaorduña A, Domecq JP,
De la Cruz-Luque C, Prokop LJ and Málaga G: World health
organization (WHO) antibiotic regimen against other regimens for
the treatment of leprosy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMC Infect Dis. 20(62)2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
25
|
Lebel M: Pharmacokinetic properties of
clarithromycin: A comparison with erythromycin and azithromycin.
Can J Infect Dis. 4:148–152. 1993.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
26
|
Crowther JR: The ELISA guidebook. Methods
Mol Biol. 149:III–IV, 1-413. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
27
|
Mieras LF, Taal AT, van Brakel WH, Cambau
E, Saunderson PR, Smith WCS, Prakoeswa CRS, Astari L, Scollard DM,
do Nascimento DC, et al: An enhanced regimen as post-exposure
chemoprophylaxis for leprosy: PEP+. BMC Infect Dis.
18(506)2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
28
|
MIMS: Drug information. Accessed: April
18, 2021. https://www.mims.com/indonesia.
|
|
29
|
Grüner N, Stambouli O and Ross RS: Dried
blood spots-preparing and processing for use in immunoassays and in
molecular techniques. J Vis Exp. 97(52619)2015.PubMed/NCBI View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
30
|
Richardus RA, van der Zwet K, van Hooij A,
Wilson L, Oskam L, Faber R, van den Eeden SJF, Pahan D, Alam K,
Richardus JH and Geluk A: Longitudinal assessment of anti-PGL-1
serology in contacts of leprosy patients in Bangladesh. PLoS Negl
Trop Dis. 11(e0006083)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
31
|
Girdhar A, Kumar A and Girdhar BK: A
randomised controlled trial assessing the effect of adding
clarithromycin to rifampicin, ofloxacin and minocycline in the
treatment of single lesion paucibacillary leprosy in Agra District,
India. Lepr Rev. 82:46–54. 2011.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
32
|
Yang D, Shui T, Miranda JW, Gilson DJ,
Song Z, Chen J, Shi C, Zhu J, Yang J and Jing Z: Mycobacterium
leprae-infected macrophages preferentially primed regulatory T
cell responses and was associated with lepromatous leprosy. PLoS
Negl Trop Dis. 10(e0004335)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
33
|
Lal V, Pal S, Haldar NK, Mandal PK and
Srinivas G: What parents should know while their child is on MDT:
Insights from a qualitative study in Eastern India. Lepr Rev.
85:81–84. 2014.PubMed/NCBI
|
