<em>Helicobacter pylori</em> extract induces purified neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species only in the presence of plasma

Thai,Tran Duong; Chuenchom,Chalida; Donsa,Wachiraporn; Faksri,Kiatichai; Sripa,Banchob; Edwards,Steven W.; Salao,Kanin

doi:10.3892/br.2023.1671

Helicobacter pylori extract induces purified neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species only in the presence of plasma

Authors:
- Tran Duong Thai
- Chalida Chuenchom
- Wachiraporn Donsa
- Kiatichai Faksri
- Banchob Sripa
- Steven W. Edwards
- Kanin Salao
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Affiliations: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis, Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZX, United Kingdom
Published online on: October 5, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1671
Article Number: 89
Copyright: © Thai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

H. pylori is a bacterial pathogen infecting over half of the world's population and induces several gastric and extra‑gastric diseases through its various virulence factors, especially cagA. These factors may be released from the bacteria during interactions with host immune cells. Neutrophils play key roles in innate immunity, and their activity is regulated by plasma factors, which can alter how these cells may interact with pathogens. The aim of the present study was to determine whether purified neutrophils could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), one of the key functions of their anti‑microbial functions, in response to extracts of cagA+ and cagA‑ H. pylori. Extracts from either cagA+ or cagA‑ H. pylori were co‑cultured with human neutrophils in the presence or absence of plasma, and the neutrophil ROS production was measured. In the absence of plasma, extracts from cagA+ and cagA‑ H. pylori did not induce neutrophil ROS production, whereas in the presence of plasma, extracts from both cagA+ and cagA‑ H. pylori‑induced ROS production. Furthermore, when peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were added to the purified neutrophils in the absence of plasma, there was no neutrophil ROS production after challenging with extracts from either cagA+ or cagA‑ H. pylori. Thus, it is suggested that plasma contains immunological components that change the responsiveness of neutrophils, such that when neutrophils encounter the bacterial antigens in H. pylori extracts, they become activated and produce ROS. This study also revealed a potential novel immunopathogenic pathway by which cagA activation of neutrophils contributed to inflammatory damage.

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