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Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Dalia Dop
    • Iulia Rahela Marcu
    • Vlad Padureanu
    • Daniel Cosmin Caragea
    • Rodica Padureanu
    • Stefan-Adrian Niculescu
    • Carmen Elena Niculescu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania, Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania, Department of Nephrology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania, Department of Orthopedics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
    Copyright: © Dop et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 18
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    Published online on: December 8, 2023
       https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1706
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Abstract

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) is the most common cause of healthcare‑associated diarrhea and among adults, the worldwide incidence rate of the infection is increasing. There is a small amount of data in the literature for pediatric patients, but most indicate an increasing trend. C. difficile is a constituent of the normal microbiota; however, under specific conditions that cause a disruption of the normal bacterial flora, colonization of C. difficile and the released toxins that cause inflammation and mucosal damage occurs. Risk factors for CDI at any age include hospitalization, exposure to antibiotics, administration of proton pump inhibitors, invasive mechanical ventilation, immunosuppression and presence of associated comorbidities. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic colonization to fulminant disease characterized by toxic megacolon, intestinal perforation and, rarely, death. The aim of the present review was to outline the features of CDI in pediatric patients.
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Spandidos Publications style
Dop D, Marcu IR, Padureanu V, Caragea DC, Padureanu R, Niculescu S and Niculescu CE: Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients (Review). Biomed Rep 20: 18, 2024.
APA
Dop, D., Marcu, I.R., Padureanu, V., Caragea, D.C., Padureanu, R., Niculescu, S., & Niculescu, C.E. (2024). Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients (Review). Biomedical Reports, 20, 18. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1706
MLA
Dop, D., Marcu, I. R., Padureanu, V., Caragea, D. C., Padureanu, R., Niculescu, S., Niculescu, C. E."Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients (Review)". Biomedical Reports 20.2 (2024): 18.
Chicago
Dop, D., Marcu, I. R., Padureanu, V., Caragea, D. C., Padureanu, R., Niculescu, S., Niculescu, C. E."Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients (Review)". Biomedical Reports 20, no. 2 (2024): 18. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1706
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Spandidos Publications style
Dop D, Marcu IR, Padureanu V, Caragea DC, Padureanu R, Niculescu S and Niculescu CE: Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients (Review). Biomed Rep 20: 18, 2024.
APA
Dop, D., Marcu, I.R., Padureanu, V., Caragea, D.C., Padureanu, R., Niculescu, S., & Niculescu, C.E. (2024). Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients (Review). Biomedical Reports, 20, 18. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1706
MLA
Dop, D., Marcu, I. R., Padureanu, V., Caragea, D. C., Padureanu, R., Niculescu, S., Niculescu, C. E."Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients (Review)". Biomedical Reports 20.2 (2024): 18.
Chicago
Dop, D., Marcu, I. R., Padureanu, V., Caragea, D. C., Padureanu, R., Niculescu, S., Niculescu, C. E."Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients (Review)". Biomedical Reports 20, no. 2 (2024): 18. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2023.1706
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